Atomic-Scale Mechanistic Insights into the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Elemental Sulfur.

A detailed understanding of the composition and polymerization mechanism of elemental sulfur remains a decades long unresolved question for modern chemistry. However, the dynamic nature of molten sulfur significantly complicates its accurate characterization. To overcome this challenge, we performed the first comprehensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a ReaxFF reactive force field specifically parameterized to capture the complex ring-opening polymerization dynamics of elemental sulfur.

Diverse social environments and 10-year all-cause mortality in a cohort of historically excluded racial/ethnic older adults: A latent class analysis of social integration.

Purpose: The association between social integration and mortality in older adults from historically excluded groups may not align with the patterns observed in predominately white samples. We modeled latent groups of social integration and their association with 10-year all-cause mortality in a cohort of older adults from historically excluded racial/ethnic groups.

Methods: In a sub-sample of a national cohort study of older adults, we used latent class analysis to model social integration using ten item indicators spanning couple status, network characteristics, and neighborhood and community connections.

DeepGAM: An interpretable deep neural network using generalized additive model for depression diagnosis: Data from the heart and soul study.

Deep neural networks have achieved significant performance breakthroughs across a range of tasks. For diagnosing depression, there has been increasing attention on estimating depression status from personal medical data. However, the neural networks often act as black boxes, making it difficult to discern the individual effects of each input component.

Implementation of opioid stewardship programs (OSPs) in hospitals: A narrative literature review.

Pain and addiction are persistent public health issues that can lead to serious and fatal consequences on individuals, families, and communities. With the continued development of the opioid epidemic and the subsequent rise in opioid use and misuse, it is important to recognize the need for intervention at a public health level. Opioid stewardship programs (OSPs) are promising public health interventions that aim to coordinate safe and effective pain management through evidence-based intervention strategies.

Bioinspired Provisional Matrix Stimulates Regenerative Healing of Diabetic Wounds.

This study tested the hypothesis that diabetic wound treatment with biomimetic pro-angiogenic, proteolytically and mechanically stable RADA16-II peptide nanofibers promotes regenerative wound healing via attenuation of inflammation and stimulation of neovascularization. Two full-thickness excisional dorsal skin wounds were created on 8-10 week old female db/db mice and treated with nanofiber hydrogel or saline (control). Animals were euthanized on days 7, 14, 28, and 56 and their wounds were analysed for morphology, vascularization, strength, and inflammation.

Insights into the relationship between nasal bacterial composition and susceptibility to early-life respiratory disease: a pilot observational study.

Background: Early-life susceptibility to viral respiratory infections is associated with long-term respiratory morbidity in children. Currently, no reliable tools exist to predict susceptibility to these infections. Given its role in modulating pathogen virulence and airway inflammation, the endogenous microbiota represents a potential target for prevention.

Unraveling Mutation-Induced Protein Communication Pathways in the Actomyosin Complex: Insights from Comprehensive Metadynamics Simulations.

The binding of myosin to the actin filament in the cardiac thin filament (CTF) plays a critical role in regulating normal contraction and relaxation. Hereditary mutations in human β-cardiac myosin can result in severe manifestations of heart failure. However, despite its significance, how these mutations create contractile dysfunction and eventually drive pathogenic heart remodeling remains unknown.

Novel graph neural network reveals binding mechanisms and environmental risks of PAHs interaction with estrogen receptor B.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants that threaten ecosystems and human health by binding to estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and disrupting endocrine function. Accurately identifying and predicting the interactions between PAHs and ERβ remains a key challenge in environmental science. To address this, we propose a Multi-Scale Dual-Stream Graph Attention Network (MS-DSGAT) for predicting PAHs-ERβ binding affinity.

Virucidal Efficacy of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils.

Currently, the predominant commercially available disinfectants and sanitizers are formulated with active ingredients including alcohol, halogenated compounds (e.g., sodium hypochlorite), surfactants, oxidizing agents (eg.

First Complete Genome Sequence of Palo Verde Broom Emaravirus, Virus-Derived siRNA Signatures, and Phytohormone-Metabolite Profiling of Witches' Broom-Affected Palo Verde Trees.

Witches' broom disease of blue palo verde () was reported more than sixty years ago. Characteristic symptoms consist of dense clusters of shortened, brittle branches and stunted leaves. The suspect causal agent has been identified as palo verde broom virus (PVBV), genus, , family, .

Diagnostic Testing Accuracy in a High-Prevalence Native American Population of Northern Arizona.

( is a common gastric pathogen and a leading cause of non-cardia gastric cancers. Known determinants can affect the diagnostic accuracy of invasive clinical methods for diagnosis. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the CLOtest, a rapid urease test, and the histopathologic examination compared with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in esophagogastroduodenoscopy patients from a population with high prevalence and other risk factors that may influence diagnostic accuracy.

Special Issue "Advances in Coagulation and Anticoagulation".

The advancement of the clinical care of patients afflicted with hemorrhagic or thrombotic disease relies heavily on ongoing molecular investigations into the mechanisms of coagulopathy [...

Genomic Correlates of Tailocin Sensitivity in Pseudomonas syringae.

Phage-derived bacteriocins, also referred to as tailocins, are structures encoded by bacterial genomes and deployed into the extracellular environment to kill sensitive cells. Tailocins display great potential as agricultural antimicrobials due to their durability, efficiency, and specificity of killing with prophylactic application demonstrated to prevent infection by multiple phytopathogens. Previous reports suggest that tailocins of Pseudomonas syringae interact with sugar moieties in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to target sensitive cells, but it remains unclear how genetic and genomic variation at loci encoding LPS biosynthesis influences tailocin resistance and/or sensitivity across the species.

Transcultural Nurses as "": Transcultural Nursing Society Migration Special Interest Group.

Members of the Transcultural Nursing Society (TCNS) mobilized a Migration Special Interest Group (MigSIG) to address the rising reports of human rights abuses and lack of basic resources for migrants worldwide. Migrants are some of the most vulnerable populations. This paper outlines the role of nurses as a "voice" or advocate for the most vulnerable.

Extremely Compact 3D Printed Glass Ternary Diffractive Optical Element for Holographic Images.

The design and fabrication of compact and versatile holographic structures are critical for advancing next-generation technologies, ranging from augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR) devices to optical holographic data storage. While significant progress has been made in holographic design and fabrication, existing methods often involve trade-offs between size, holographic image quality, and manufacturing complexity. Binary or few-level holographic structures, though simple to design and fabricate, are prone to twin-image artifacts, limiting their performance.

Genome-wide gene expression changes in breast cancer cells following very low-dose exposure to pesticides (glyphosate and atrazine) at drinking water levels.

Glyphosate and atrazine, two widely used herbicides, may induce subtle molecular changes even at low levels encountered in the drinking water of some populations. This study assessed structural and RNA expression changes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines after 72-h exposures to glyphosate (50 or 500 ppb) and atrazine (2 or 20 ppb). These doses are commonly found in drinking water and falls below or within the maximum residue levels recommended or allowed in the drinking water of populations in Brazil and the USA.

Developing and validating modular surveys for vector-borne diseases: A study protocol.

Vector-borne diseases are an increasing threat to human health and well-being in the United States. Understanding public perception and practices to reduce vector abundance and vector-human contact can guide effective interventions. Nevertheless, vector-borne disease surveys, which are widely used in the field to understand public perception and practices, are often inconsistent in terms of structure and implementation.

Proposing Technology-Enhanced Wisdom: A Middle-Range Theory for Contemporary Nursing Practice in the Age of AI.

This paper proposes Technology-Enhanced Wisdom (TEW), a middle-range theory to guide nursing practice in the age of artificial intelligence. Building on Nelson's Data-to-Wisdom continuum and developed using Walker and Avant's theory synthesis method, TEW identifies 6 mediating concepts - context, perception, veracity, trust, usability, and competency - that shape how nurses integrate artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced insights. TEW provides a framework for synthesizing internal knowledge with machine-generated information to support ethically grounded, human-centered decisions.

medspacyV: a graphical user interface for the open source medspaCy natural language processing package.

Objectives: To enable users with modest technical background to perform biomedical natural language processing (NLP).

Materials And Methods: We developed medspacyV using the Python graphical programming tkinter library, following the model-view-controller (MVC) design pattern. The interface wraps around a rule-based pipeline for sentence splitting, section segmentation, concept identification, and negation detection.

How Team Science Is Documented and Described in Published Family Medicine Research.

Purpose: Increasingly emphasized by leaders in family medicine and primary care research, team science is an approach to research that requires clear documentation for replicability. Here, we report the approach to documenting team science in 2 US family medicine research journals.

Methods: Our interdisciplinary team, composed of MDs and PhDs from family medicine and other disciplines, established a definition of the "team science" construct, which included the utilization of interdisciplinary partnerships and/or collaboration with community-based organizations.

Usage of Ventilator Management Guideline, a Protocolized Approach.

To receive optimal care, health care professionals must be cohesive in their approach within their organizational structure. The implementation of a protocol-based ventilator management guideline in an intensive care setting will yield favorable results. Utilizing a multidisciplinary approach optimizes practice standardization and fosters growth for the health care professional to practice their craft within set guardrails.

Revolutionizing Mechanical Ventilation: Latest Advances and Practical Applications of Airway Pressure Release Ventilation.

Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) was historically used only to treat severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, because APRV optimizes alveolar recruitment and oxygenation while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury, practice trends have shifted. Early initiation of APRV is now considered for lung protection rather than late use as salvage therapy.

Spaceflight Respiratory System from a Nursing Perspective.

The pulmonary system is sensitive to aerospace exposures, including changes in atmospheric composition and pressure, alterations in gravitational forces, and exposure to radiation and toxins. Providing nursing care in the aerospace environment requires understanding of pulmonary conditions such as high-altitude pulmonary edema, decompression-related illness and injury, arterial gas embolism, acceleration atelectasis, hypoxia, hypercapnia, and exposure syndromes. In addition to these conditions, we discuss changes in pulmonary physiology in microgravity, in-flight nursing medical capabilities, and treatment of pulmonary conditions in microgravity environments.

Management of Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension: A Guide for Bedside Critical Care Nurses.

Effective management of pulmonary hypertension in critical care settings is essential to improve patient outcomes, particularly given the complexity and rapid progression of this condition. These guidelines are designed to enhance the clinical skills of critical care nurses by providing practical recommendations and evidence-based interventions. Key management strategies include treating the underlying causes of clinical deterioration, optimizing right ventricular function, and addressing associated complications.