98%
921
2 minutes
20
High energy muons, due to their unique ability to penetrate deeply into matter, can enable radiography of structures that cannot be probed by other forms of radiation. Current terrestrial sources of muons require conventional GeV-TeV particle accelerators which are hundreds to thousands of meters in size. Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) can achieve acceleration gradients of two-to-three orders of magnitude greater than conventional accelerators, thus shrinking the accelerator to a number of meters. We propose a concept for a compact muon source based on the first self-consistent PIC simulations of an all optical LWFA that uses a guiding channel to achieve electron energies of 100 GeV in a distance of 6 m with a driving laser energy of 300 J in a single stage. From the resulting electron energy spectrum we estimate muon production for this source. We show that this accelerator, coupled with high average power laser driver technology, provides the basis for a high energy and high flux muon source.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12267649 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-95440-w | DOI Listing |
Lancet Respir Med
September 2025
Partners In Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, MA, USA; Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) tuberculosis (ie, multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant with additional resistance to any fluoroquinolone) is difficult to treat. endTB-Q aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and clofazimine (BDLC) compared with the standard of care for patients with pre-XDR tuberculosis.
Methods: This open-label, multicentre, stratified, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted in ten hospitals in India, Kazakhstan, Lesotho, Pakistan, Peru, and Viet Nam.
Sci Rep
July 2025
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA.
High energy muons, due to their unique ability to penetrate deeply into matter, can enable radiography of structures that cannot be probed by other forms of radiation. Current terrestrial sources of muons require conventional GeV-TeV particle accelerators which are hundreds to thousands of meters in size. Laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) can achieve acceleration gradients of two-to-three orders of magnitude greater than conventional accelerators, thus shrinking the accelerator to a number of meters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
May 2025
TU Dortmund, Fakultät für Physik, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4, Dortmund D-44221, Germany.
Axions and other putative feebly interacting particles with a mass of tens to several hundreds of keVs can be produced in stellar cores with a Lorentz boost factor E_{a}/m_{a}≲10. Thus, starburst galaxies such as M82 are efficient factories of slow axions. Their decay a→γγ would produce a large flux of x-ray photons, peaking around 100 keV and spread around the Galaxy by an angle that can be relatively large.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
April 2025
University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA.
We show that TeV neutrinos and high-energy gamma rays detected from the nearby active galaxy NGC 1068 can simultaneously be explained in a model based on the beta decays of neutrons produced in the photodisintegration of ^{4}He nuclei on ultraviolet photons in the jet. The photodisintegration of nuclei occurs at energies above several PeV, which explains the 1-100 TeV energies of the observed neutrinos. The TeV gamma-ray flux accompanying the beta decays is expected to be much lower than the neutrino flux, which agrees with the observations of NGC 1068 showing a gamma-ray deficit as compared to the expectations from proton-photon interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiat Environ Biophys
August 2025
Particle Physics Research Center, Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology, 1501 Panlong Road, Jinan, 250103, Shandong, China.
Fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients are fundamental ingredients to calculate astronaut radiation dose in space. For this purpose, the conversion coefficients for isotropic radiation provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in Publication 123 (ICRP123) are widely used. Understanding the uncertainties in these coefficients is important for a precise calculation of radiation dose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF