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The phenomenon of Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) flooding caused by marine eutrophication has resulted in serious environmental impact. Here, we demonstrate an application of Fenton's reagent in the rapid recovery and utilization of EP. The humification of EP with water content of 80-90% is accelerated by adding HO and FeSO·7HO. A notable self-heating phenomenon (from 22 to 86 °C) is observed within 10 min, and the sample is dried to obtain the EP fertilizer (EPF) after 60 min, which contained 25.5 ± 4.3% (wt%) of fulvic-like acid (FLA). Aromatization, amidation and carboxylation reactions induced by free radicals (mainly •OH) play a key role in EP (mainly polysaccharides and proteins) humification through degradation-polymerization pathway. A scale-up experiment is also carried out to confirm the feasibility of this technology. EPF increases the fresh weight of chickweeds (pot experiment) and cabbage (field plot experiment) by 27.1% and 609.7% compared with blank, respectively. This study opens a promising avenue for application of Fenton reaction in biowaste humification, which is beneficial for efficient EP recycling and agriculture sustainable development.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-61204-3 | DOI Listing |
Mar Life Sci Technol
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241 China.
Unlabelled: CO concentration mechanisms (CCMs) are important in maintaining the high efficiency of photosynthesis of marine algae. Aquatic photoautotrophs have two types of CCMs: biophysical CCMs, based on the conversion of inorganic carbon, and biochemical CCMs, based on the formation of C acid intermediates. However, the contribution of biophysical and biochemical CCMs to algal carbon fixation remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
August 2025
The East China Sea Sea Area and Islands Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai, 200136, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Technologies, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai, 200136, China. Electronic address:
Harmful algal blooms dominated by Ulva prolifera have posed recurring ecological and economic challenges in the southern Yellow Sea. To better understand and predict the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of these blooms, we developed an enhanced Transformer-based deep learning framework, incorporating multi-head self-attention mechanisms. This model dynamically captures spatial dependencies, providing a comprehensive understanding of bloom dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatl Sci Rev
August 2025
Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
Although deep-sea macroalgae sinking as a carbon sequestration strategy remains controversial, natural sinking of massive macroalgae frequently occurs in coastal oceans. In the Yellow Sea, millions of tons of the macroalga sink to the seafloor annually following green tides, yet their ultimate fate and carbon sequestration potential remain poorly understood. Microbial communities play a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and determining the fate of sunken macroalgae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Sci (China)
December 2025
SOA Key Laboratory of Science and Engineering for Marine Ecology and Environment, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China. Electronic address:
Since 2007, the world's largest transregional green tides caused by Ulva prolifera have periodically occurred in China. The morphology of U. prolifera drastically changes during the drifting period, but the reason for this phenomenon has still been under debate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarmful Algae
September 2025
Institute of Aquatic Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, China. Electronic address:
Large-scale Ulva prolifera green tides decay in the Southern Yellow Sea has affected coastal ecological environment and caused substantial economic losses. This decay period overlaps with the critical early developmental stages of numerous marine fishes. However, research on the impacts and underlying mechanisms of U.
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