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Zinc-ion batteries have garnered significant attention owing to their high energy density, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. However, challenges such as zinc dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, inert by-products, and zinc metal corrosion have substantially impeded the practical application of these batteries. Recently, functional modification of separators has emerged as a promising strategy to address these issues. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research advancements in the functional modification of separators for zinc-ion batteries, elaborating on various modification approaches such as surface coating, composite material synthesis, and the development of hybrid structures. Furthermore, it elucidates the underlying mechanisms of these modifications and their applications in zinc-ion batteries. By critically analyzing the current technological limitations, this review proposes future development directions, such as exploring new materials and designing multi-functional separators, aiming to provide valuable guidance for advancing zinc-ion battery technology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112787 | DOI Listing |
Nano Lett
September 2025
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) represent an environmentally benign energy storage alternative. However, the VO cathode suffers from limited cycling stability and rate capability due to structural instability, vanadium dissolution, and high desolvation energy caused by the large size of [Zn(HO)] deintercalation. Address these issues, we introduce a VO/VOPO (VOP) heterostructure that that reinforces the crystal structure to suppress vanadium dissolution and establishes a hydrophilic interface reducing the desolvation energy of Zn.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
September 2025
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
In this work, a series of potassium ion (K) pre-intercalated sodium hydrogen vanadates (K-HNVO) are prepared through a facile route. The introduction of K modulates the microstructure of the pristine sodium metavanadate and increases the interlayer spacing, thereby resulting in improved charge transport kinetics. Moreover, the pillaring effect of K enhances the structural stability of the pristine material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Economically viable and biologically compatible amino acids demonstrate significant potential as electrolyte microstructure modifiers in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Compared to polar amino acids, nonpolar amino acids simultaneously own zincophilicity and hydrophobicity, showing great potential in the industrial application of AZIBs. However, nonpolar amino acids have been comparatively understudied in existing research investigations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are being extensively researched as replacements for liquid electrolytes in future batteries. Despite significant advancements, there are still challenges in using SSEs, particularly in extreme conditions. This study presents a hydrated metal-organic ionic cocrystal (HMIC) solid-state ion conductor with a solvent-assisted ion transport mechanism suitable for extreme operating conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address:
Pre-intercalation has emerged as a highly effective strategy to enhance structural integrity and ion transport kinetics in cathodes for aqueous Zn-ion batteries. Here, we report a zinc-ion pre-intercalated hydrate vanadium oxide cathode, in which the initial insertion of Zn induces a significant expansion of the interplanar spacing, followed by contraction at higher Zn concentrations owing to strong electrostatic interactions with the VO framework. Such competing expansion and contraction of interplanar spacing enhances the overall electrochemical properties.
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