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Article Abstract
Introduction: Rice, a cornerstone of global food security, faces escalating demands for enhanced yield and disease resistance. We collected 300 high-quality genomes, representing both cultivated (, , and ) and wild species (, , and ).
Methods: Leveraging HMMER, NLR-Annotator, and OrthoFinder, we systematically identified 148,077 leucine-rich repeat (LRR) and 143,459 nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes, with LRR receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) dominating immune receptor proportions, followed by coiled-coil domain containing (CNL)-type NLRs and LRR receptor-like proteins (LRR-RLPs).
Results: Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) assessments confirmed robust genome quality (average score: 94.78). Strikingly, 454 TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) genes-typically rare in monocots-were detected, challenging prior assumptions. Phylogenetic analysis with Arabidopsis TNLs highlighted five genes clustering with dicot TNLs; these genes featured truncated PLN03210 motifs fused to nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4 (NB-ARC) and LRR domains.
Conclusions: By bridging structural genomics, evolutionary dynamics, and domestication-driven adaptation, this work provides a foundation for targeted breeding strategies and advances functional studies of plant immunity in rice.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12110996 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes16050597 | DOI Listing |
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