Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
Cognitive impairment after stroke is heterogeneous: there is no strict correspondence between brain damage and magnitude of deficit or recovery. Protective factors such as cognitive or brain reserve have been invoked to explain the mismatch. Here, we consider the opposite point of view: the instances in which this protection is overturned. We leveraged on multitasking to stress the brain's processing limits and unveil deficits that may be missed by standard testing in a sample of 46 patients with unilateral subacute to chronic stroke and no sign of lateralized spatial-attentional disorders at neuropsychological paper-and-pencil tests. Multivariate analyses identified a phenotype of patients with high susceptibility to multitasking, showing stark contralesional spatial awareness deficit only when multitasking. Multivariate brain-behavior mapping based on lesions location and structural disconnections pointed to the Multiple-Demand System, a network of frontal and fronto-parietal areas subserving domain-general processes. Damage in this network may critically interact with domain-specific processes, resulting in subtle and yet invalidating deficits. Indeed, these patients (one-third of the sample) presented worse performance in tests evaluating activities of daily living and domain-general abilities. We conclude that the theoretical construct of susceptibility to multitasking helps understanding what marks the passage to clinically visible deficits after brain damage.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069553 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-025-08074-z | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
MetaGeno: a chromosome-wise multi-task genomic framework for ischaemic stroke risk prediction.
Brief Bioinform
July 2025
Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia.
Current genome-wide association studies provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of ischaemic stroke (IS) risk. However, polygenic risk scores, the most widely used method for genetic risk prediction, have notable limitations due to their linear nature and inability to capture complex, nonlinear interactions among genetic variants. While deep neural networks offer advantages in modeling these complex relationships, the multifactorial nature of IS and the influence of modifiable risk factors present additional challenges for genetic risk prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The Emergency Department (ED) serves as a vital gateway to acute care, where timely and accurate triage decisions are essential to ensure appropriate patient prioritisation and efficient use of limited resources. Triage nurses operate in high-pressure environments and must make rapid decisions, often under conditions of uncertainty, relying on a blend of analytical reasoning and intuitive judgement. However, this complex decision-making process is susceptible to a range of challenges, including cognitive biases, communication breakdowns, procedural inconsistencies, fatigue, and stress, all of which can compromise patient safety and care quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelative Value Encoding in Large Language Models: A Multi-Task, Multi-Model Investigation.
Open Mind (Camb)
May 2025
Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et computationnelles, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Paris, France.
In-context learning enables large language models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks, including solving reinforcement learning (RL) problems. Given their potential use as (autonomous) decision-making agents, it is important to understand how these models behave in RL tasks and the extent to which they are susceptible to biases. Motivated by the fact that, in humans, it has been widely documented that the value of a choice outcome depends on how it compares to other local outcomes, the present study focuses on whether similar value encoding biases apply to LLMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrative multi-omics QTL colocalization maps regulatory architecture in aging human brain.
medRxiv
May 2025
Center for Statistical Genetics, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Multi-trait QTL (xQTL) colocalization has shown great promises in identifying causal variants with shared genetic etiology across multiple molecular modalities, contexts, and complex diseases. However, the lack of scalable and efficient methods to integrate large-scale multi-omics data limits deeper insights into xQTL regulation. Here, we propose , a multi-task learning colocalization method that can scale to hundreds of traits, while accounting for multiple causal variants within a genomic region of interest.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSusceptibility to multitasking in stroke is associated to multiple-demand system damage and leads to lateralized visuospatial deficits.
Commun Biol
May 2025
Department of General Psychology and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
Cognitive impairment after stroke is heterogeneous: there is no strict correspondence between brain damage and magnitude of deficit or recovery. Protective factors such as cognitive or brain reserve have been invoked to explain the mismatch. Here, we consider the opposite point of view: the instances in which this protection is overturned.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF