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Bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane is an emerging scaffold in various pharmaceutical settings, but the scarcity of approaches to target different regioisomers from a common starting material prevents targeting a broader range of chemical space. Herein, we demonstrate a new design for the photocatalyst-controlled regiodivergent synthesis of this scaffold. Of particular interest is that the synthesis of two distinct substitution patterns was achieved under photochemical conditions with catalyst control. This was possible due to the activating group, -methylimidazole, not only playing an important role in guiding divergent pathways but also enabling transformation to various functional groups. Transient absorption spectroscopy discerned between the regiodivergent mechanisms, as assignable bands consistent with electron transfer and energy transfer processes were distinctively observed, depending on the identity of the photocatalyst.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c02425 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
September 2025
School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, P. R. China.
The catalytic -selective functionalization of indazoles is pivotal in medicinal chemistry; however, achieving regiodivergent -alkylation remains challenging due to the aromatic stabilization and tautomeric equilibrium of indazoles. Herein, we report a metal-free, Brønsted acid-catalyzed alkylation of 1-indazoles using sulfoxonium ylides, which affords excellent -selectivity and good yields. Modulation of the catalyst enables switchable /-alkylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
Nitrogen heterocycles are indispensable structural motifs in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. However, the development of new synthetic methods to access these frameworks remains a significant challenge. Here, we describe a switchable radical approach for the synthesis of 1-azabicyclo[2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
August 2025
Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
An NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) catalyzed [3 + 3] annulation of δ-acetoxy allenoates and enaminones has been developed. This strategy provides a facile and convenient approach for the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine and 3,4-dihydropyridine-based hexahydroquinoline derivatives (51 examples, up to 77% yield). This protocol features a broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, and mild reaction conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
Asymmetric total synthesis of the isocoumarin-based natural product (+)-fusariumin was achieved through Cu(I) catalysed 6- cyclization as a key step. The synthesis of the phthalide-based natural product sporotricale methyl ether was also achieved through an alternative 5- cyclization protocol. 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid and an appropriately substituted terminal alkyne were used as reaction partners for the crucial construction of the desired isocoumarin and phthalide frameworks present in the target structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
August 2025
Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Center for Chemical Glycobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study,
The selective modification of carbohydrates to achieve structural complexity has emerged as a crucial strategy in carbohydrate-based drug development. However, the intricate stereochemistry and densely packed functional groups of carbohydrates pose significant challenges for precise stereoselectivity and regioselectivity control. Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed, stereospecific, and ligand-controlled regiodivergent glycosyl Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 3-boryl-glycals, establishing a robust platform for glycoside diversification with versatile C1 and C3 modification.
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