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Context: Apical debris extrusion can result in complications leading to unfavorable clinical outcomes.
Aim: This study aimed to ascertain the influence of apical size and variation of instrument taper on the apical extrusion of debris.
Setting And Design: Forty roots from sixty recently extracted human permanent mandibular molars were selected. The apical diameter was measured using an image analysis program and divided into two groups: mesial roots for narrower canals (N) ( = 20) and distal roots for wider canals (W) ( = 20). These were further subdivided based on preparation size and instrument taper as #25/0.04 and #25/0.06 for narrower and #30/0.04 and #30/0.06 for wider canals.
Materials And Methods: The canals were prepared using Hero Shapers, with double distilled water as irrigant. The extruded debris was collected using the Myers and Montgomery method.
Statistical Analysis Used: The mean weight of extruded debris was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The Mann-Whitney test compared the differences in the weight of debris between different tapers and different canal widths. The level of significance was set at ≤ 0.05.
Results: Narrow canals prepared using #25/0.06 showed significantly more debris extrusion when compared to #25/0.04 ( = 0.017). Wider canals, when instrumented with a #30/0.04, had more extrusion of debris than #30/0.06. However, the difference between 0.04 and 0.06 taper was not significant.
Conclusion: The apical diameter and instrument taper are essential factors to be considered to minimize debris extrusion. Narrower diameter, when instrumented with greater taper, exhibited more apical debris extrusion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_14_25 | DOI Listing |
J Funct Biomater
August 2025
Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universitat de València, Gascó Oliag 1, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
The success rate of root canal treatment is high, but it can fail. In these cases, orthograde root canal retreatment is often the treatment of choice, for which numerous biomaterials are available on the market, including endodontic files. This systematic review aimed to study the endodontic files available on the market and establish their efficacy in root canal retreatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
July 2025
Cairo University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: TruNatomy instruments promises a more conservative alternative to conventionally used instruments. They are claimed by the manufacture to decrease the amount of debris extrusion as well as the torque generated during instrumentation, potentially resulting in lower post-operative discomfort and a safer more convenient experience for the patient and clinician.
Aim: To compare the effect of canal shaping using TruNatomy (TN) rotary system to RaCe (RC) rotary system on post-operative pain in necrotic maxillary bi-rooted premolars, while simultaneously inspecting the real-time dynamic forces produced during instrumentation.
Int J Biomater
July 2025
Department of Cariology and Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
This study compared the shaping ability and apical debris extrusion of four nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) single-file systems in simulated curved root canals. Forty simulated curved root canals in resin blocks were randomly assigned to four groups ( = 10): Reciproc Blue (RCB), V-Blue, One Plex, and S-ONE. Images of the simulated root canals were captured before and after instrumentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Bioallied Sci
June 2025
My Dental Southbridge, 305 Main St Southbridge, MA, USA.
Background: The formation of apical debris is a common occurrence during root canal preparation, which may cause postoperative complications like pain and infection. Different file motions-rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive-can influence the extent of debris extrusion.
Materials And Methods: A total of 90 extracted single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into three groups ( = 30) based on the file motion used: Group 1-rotary, Group 2-reciprocating, and Group 3-adaptive motion.
J Pharm Bioallied Sci
June 2025
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sri Sai Dental College and Hospital, Vikarabad, Telangana, India.
Background: After root canal preparation, apical debris may cause discomfort and delayed healing. Rotary, reciprocating, and adaptive file movements affect debris extrusion.
Materials And Methods: Sixty extracted mandibular premolars with single root canals were randomly divided into three file motion groups (n = 20): Group A (rotary motion using ProTaper Universal files), Group B (reciprocating motion using WaveOne files), and Group C (adaptive motion using TF Adaptive files).