98%
921
2 minutes
20
In this work, we present a fundamental mathematical model for proton transport, tailored to capture the key physical processes underpinning Proton Beam Therapy (PBT). The model provides a robust and computationally efficient framework for exploring various aspects of PBT, including dose delivery, linear energy transfer, treatment planning and the evaluation of relative biological effectiveness. Our findings highlight the potential of this model as a complementary tool to more complex and computationally intensive simulation techniques currently used in clinical practice.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992007 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-025-02212-1 | DOI Listing |
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
August 2025
University of Angers, MitoLab, Unité MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, SFR ICAT, 49330 Angers, France.
The bioenergetic machinery of the cell is protected and structured within two layers of mitochondrial membranes. The mitochondrial inner membrane is extremely rich in proteins, including respiratory chain complexes, substrate transport proteins, ion exchangers, and structural fusion proteins. These proteins participate directly or indirectly in shaping the membrane's curvature and facilitating its folding, as well as promoting the formation of nanotubes, and proton-rich pockets known as cristae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
September 2025
New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Dispersing iridium onto high-specific-surface-area supports is a widely adopted strategy to maximize iridium utilization in anode catalysts of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). However, here we demonstrate that the overall cell performance, including initial efficiency and long-term stability, does not benefit from the typical high specific surface area of catalyst supports. The conventional understanding that high iridium utilization on high-specific-surface-area supports increases activity holds only in aqueous electrolytes, while under the typical working conditions of PEMWE, the mass transport within the anode catalyst layers plays a more significant role in the overall performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China.
MXenes serve as pivotal candidates for pseudocapacitive energy storage owing to sound proton/electron-transport capability and tunable topology. However, the metastable surface terminal properties and the progressive oxidation leads to drastic capacity fading, posing significant challenges for sustainable energy applications. Here, with the aramid nanofiber as the interface mediator, we engineer the thermal reconstruction of MXenes to synergistically introduce interfacial covalent and noncovalent interactions, resulting in a high specific capacitance of 531.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
September 2025
Área Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
Isostructural metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) built from oxidiacetate, oda, [LaCo(oda)(HO)]·14HO (), [PrCo(oda)(HO)]·14HO (), and [LaNi(oda)(HO)]·14HO () were synthesized and characterized to investigate their proton conduction properties. The presence of a hydrogen-bonding network formed by guest water molecules within the MOF channels was evidenced through crystallographic analysis and computational simulations. Powder conductivity measurements revealed a Grotthuss-type proton transport mechanism with consistent activation energies across all three compounds, but grain boundary effects limited overall performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078.
Cyanobacteria achieve highly efficient photosynthesis using a CO-concentrating mechanism relying on specialized Type I (NDH-1) complexes. Among these, NDH-1 and NDH-1 catalyze redox-coupled hydration of CO to bicarbonate, supporting carbon fixation in carboxysomes. The mechanism of coupling electron transfer to CO-hydration by these variant NDH-1 complexes remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF