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This tutorial focuses on presenting experimental protocols for acquiring instrument response functions (IRF) and for calibrating the instruments using reference dyes with validated lifetime in time-domain fluorescence lifetime measurements. Step-by-step preparation of different samples used for the calibrations (scatter solutions, crystals generating second harmonic signal and reference dyes) and the corresponding instrument settings in one- and two-photon excitation are explained. The expected shape of the IRF curves and reference decays are shown using experimentally acquired examples, followed by troubleshooting of the instruments when the expected results are distorted. The discussions focus on the importance of using IRF and reference dyes for adjusting the acquisition parameters of the time-resolved instrument, for data analysis and for comparison and extrapolation of lifetime values between different biological systems.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mim-2024-0031 | DOI Listing |
Food Res Int
November 2025
Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA. Electronic address:
Turmeric-derived curcumin offers various health benefits but has poor bioavailability due to low water solubility and rapid gastrointestinal degradation. A recently proposed raw-to-nano strategy enables the direct formulation of turmeric nanoparticles from raw turmeric, using inherent biopolymers to encapsulate and protect curcumin. However, it remains unclear how these nanoparticles enhance gastrointestinal bioavailability and how food matrices influence this process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
November 2025
College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. Electronic address:
Background: The development of specific fluorescent probes for cancer cell discrimination holds significant promise for advancing cancer diagnostics. Conventionally, these probes operate by translating differences in biomarkers or microenvironmental factors into variations in whole-cell fluorescence intensity. However, this dominant, intensity-based strategy is highly susceptible to extraneous fluctuations arising from probe concentration, illumination instability and complex intracellular environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
August 2025
Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the standard diagnostic assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection was RT-qPCR using TaqMan probes, with samples primarily taken through nasal and oropharyngeal swabs. The TaqMan-based method is costly, highlighting the need for a more affordable alternative for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. As an alternative strategy, we developed and evaluated a SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR method targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene of SARS-CoV-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
July 2025
National Reference Laboratory of Immunology, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (NCIPD), 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria.
: Restored CD4 absolute counts (CD4AC) and CD4/CD8 ratio in the setting of continuous antiretroviral treatment (ART) do not exclude a low-level immune activation associated with HIV reservoirs, microbial translocation, or the side effects of ART itself, which accelerates the aging of people living with HIV (PLHIV). To delineate biomarkers of incomplete immune restoration in PLHIV on successful ART, we evaluated T-lymphocyte mitochondrial parameters in relation to phenotypic markers of immune exhaustion and senescence. : PLHIV with sustained viral suppression, CD4AC > 500 and CD4/CD8 ratio >0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
August 2025
Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch (HECSB) Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
Cell Painting visualizes toxicity-induced morphological changes by staining cellular structures with fluorescent dyes. Coupled with high-content imaging and analysis software, Cell Painting allows high-throughput phenotypic profiling (HTPP) to quantify phenotypic changes and estimate points of departure for toxicity assessments. Regulatory agencies have applied HTPP in 384-well plates for chemical hazard screening.
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