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Plant lipids are an essential energy source for diets and are a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based fuels and feedstocks. Fatty acid breakdown during seed germination is crucial for seedling establishment but unexpected during seed filling. Here, we demonstrate that the simultaneous biosynthesis and degradation of fatty acids begins early and continues across all phases of oil filling and throughout the photoperiod. Tests in camelina, rapeseed, and an engineered high-oil tobacco line confirmed that concomitant synthesis and breakdown in oil-producing tissues over development is the rule rather than the exception. Furthermore, we show that transgenics, designed to elevate fatty acid biosynthesis, failed to achieve anticipated increases in storage lipid levels due to increased degradation, potentially explaining the underperformance of engineered lines compared to expectations more generally.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115492 | DOI Listing |
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr
September 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Intravenous lipid emulsions are a key component of parenteral nutrition, and their fatty acid compositions may influence immune responses and clinical outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2020 to December 2022 compared clinical outcomes of hospitalized non-critical care patients receiving parenteral nutrition with either mixed oil or soybean oil lipid emulsions for at least 48 h. The primary outcome was a composite of the presence of pneumonia, urinary tract infection, or an intra-abdominal collection diagnosed within 14 days of initiating parenteral nutrition.
Oncogene
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
There are no proven therapies for metastatic or unresectable Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC is characterized by high glutathione levels and hypersensitivity to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The underlying mechanisms leading to ferroptosis hypersensitivity are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Cell Neurosci
September 2025
Biomedical and Forensic Science, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, United Kingdom; Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW15 5PH, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Emerging evidence indicates that apelin, an adipokine, plays a critical role in numerous biological functions and may hold potential for therapeutic applications; however, its efficacy is constrained by rapid plasma degradation. Thus, the search for novel apelin analogues with reduced susceptibility to plasma degradation is ongoing. We have previously shown novel modified apelin-13 analogues, providing exciting opportunities for potential therapeutic development against Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Nutr
September 2025
COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Circulating levels of 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (CMPF), a metabolite derived from dietary furan fatty acids primarily found in marine food sources, have long been recognized as biomarkers for fish intake. However, elevated CMPF levels are also observed in patients with type 2 diabetes or chronic kidney disease and in healthy people associated with a reduced infection risk, suggesting potential bioactive roles in metabolism and immune function. Yet, the possible causal mechanisms behind these associations are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr
September 2025
Institute of Food and One Health, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
Background: Dietary fiber supports metabolic health via microbial fermentation, producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, metabolic responses to fiber vary between individuals, potentially due to differences in gut microbiota composition. The Prevotella-to-Bacteroides (P/B) ratio has emerged as a potential biomarker for fiber responsiveness.
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