Association between mixed oil lipid emulsions and all-cause infections relative to soybean oil lipid emulsions in hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Intravenous lipid emulsions are a key component of parenteral nutrition, and their fatty acid compositions may influence immune responses and clinical outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2020 to December 2022 compared clinical outcomes of hospitalized non-critical care patients receiving parenteral nutrition with either mixed oil or soybean oil lipid emulsions for at least 48 h. The primary outcome was a composite of the presence of pneumonia, urinary tract infection, or an intra-abdominal collection diagnosed within 14 days of initiating parenteral nutrition.

Diagnosis and Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Review.

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare and biologically distinct subset of urothelial malignancies, comprising approximately 5-10% of urothelial cancers. UTUC presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with both a higher likelihood of invasive disease at presentation and a less favorable prognosis compared to urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Current treatment strategies for UTUC are largely derived from bladder cancer studies, underscoring the need for UTUC-directed research.

Creating Blood Analogs to Mimic Steady-State Non-Newtonian Shear-Thinning Characteristics Under Various Thermal Conditions.

Blood analogs are widely employed in in vitro experiments such as particle image velocity (PIV) to secure hemodynamics, assisting pathophysiological diagnoses of neurovascular and cardiovascular diseases, as well as pre-surgical planning and intraoperative orientation. To obtain accurate physical parameters, which are critical for diagnosis and treatment, blood analogs should exhibit realistic non-Newtonian shear-thinning features. In this study, two types of blood analogs working under room temperature (293.

The Impact of a Prolonged Multivitamin Shortage on Home Parenteral Nutrition Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study with Case Reports of Wernicke's Encephalopathy.

: Shortages in parenteral nutrition (PN) micronutrient components can lead to deficiencies in patients heavily relying on home PN (HPN) to meet nutritional requirements. Despite monitoring, this can cause severe and even life-threatening conditions if intravenous (IV) micronutrients are not available for a prolonged period. : We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the effect of an IV multivitamin shortage that occurred between December 2022 and July 2023.

The YTHDF3-DT/miR-301a-3p /INHBA axis attenuates autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma.

YTHDF3-DT, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), is associated with poor patient prognosis and plays critical roles in LUAD progression. Clinical data and in vitro analyses revealed that YTHDF3-DT expression correlates with worse overall survival and increased lymph node metastasis in LUAD patients. Functional studies demonstrated that YTHDF3-DT activates the TGF-β and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways via INHBA, a key target influenced by YTHDF3-DT.

RBM15 drives the progression of lung adenocarcinoma by regulating N6-methyladenosine-mediated LDHA mRNA stability.

Abnormal N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation in RNA plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many types of tumors by influencing mRNA metabolism, alternative splicing, translocation, stability and translation. However, the specific regulators and underlying mechanisms of m6A modification in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the RNA-seq transcriptome data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and identified "m6A writer" RNA binding motif protein 15 (RBM15) expression was significantly elevated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) biopsies, and the higher RBM15 levels were correlated with the poorer overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients.

Efficacy and Safety of Gilteritinib versus Sorafenib as Post-Transplant Maintenance in Patients With FLT3-ITD Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: FLT3-ITD AML is associated with an increased risk of relapse, leading many patients to receive an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) after induction. Unfortunately, relapse rate after alloHCT remains high and strategies are needed to improve outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of adult patients with FLT3-ITD AML who received alloHCT from 6/1/2016 to 12/31/2020 and received gilteritinib (GILT) or sorafenib (SORA)as post-transplant maintenance, outside of a clinical trial.

A Machine Learning Model to Predict Risk for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background And Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence is increasing and correlated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD; formerly nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), even in patients without advanced liver fibrosis who are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease stages and shorter survival time, and less likely to receive a liver transplant. Machine learning (ML) tools can characterize large datasets and help develop predictive models that can calculate individual HCC risk and guide selective screening and risk mitigation strategies.

Methods: Tableau and KNIME Analytics were used for descriptive analytics and ML tasks.

Revealing Vision-Language Integration in the Brain with Multimodal Networks.

We use (multi)modal deep neural networks (DNNs) to probe for sites of multimodal integration in the human brain by predicting stereoen-cephalography (SEEG) recordings taken while human subjects watched movies. We operationalize sites of multimodal integration as regions where a multimodal vision-language model predicts recordings better than unimodal language, unimodal vision, or linearly-integrated language-vision models. Our target DNN models span different architectures (e.

Population Transformer: Learning Population-level Representations of Neural Activity.

We present a self-supervised framework that learns population-level codes for arbitrary ensembles of neural recordings at scale. We address key challenges in scaling models with neural time-series data, namely, sparse and variable electrode distribution across subjects and datasets. The Population Transformer (PopT) stacks on top of pretrained temporal embeddings and enhances downstream decoding by enabling learned aggregation of multiple spatially-sparse data channels.

A meta-analysis and systematic review of endovascular thrombectomy versus medical management for acute basilar artery occlusion.

Objective: Acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is a devastating neurologic event. As endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) became more prevalent for anterior circulation strokes, investigations were conducted in the posterior circulation. Its success in improving outcomes compared to standard medical therapy (SMT) after BAO has been debated.

Traumatic Atrial Septal Defect Repair via Primary Endovascular Suture Method: Case Report and Operative Technique.

We report a case of a 20-year-old male with no prior medical history who was found to have an atrial septal defect on echocardiography following a motor vehicle accident (MVA). The patient underwent primary percutaneous defect closure using the NobleStitch EL (Heartstitch, Fountain Valley, California) cardiovascular suturing system with intra-operative Doppler echocardiogram showing no residual shunt or color flow. There were no operative complications.

An update of the pharmacological treatment options for generalized myasthenia gravis in adults with anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies.

Purpose: This review aims to provide an update on current pharmacological agents for the management of generalized myasthenia gravis (MG).

Summary: MG is an autoimmune disease characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission and muscle weakness. Most patients have autoimmune antibodies to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, with treatments aimed at eliminating or decreasing levels of autoantibodies.

Factors associated with hardware failure after lateral thoracolumbar fusions - A ten year case series.

Objective: Thoracolumbar lateral interbody fusions (tLLIF) are one tool in the spine surgeon's toolbox to indirectly decompress neuroforamina while also improving segmental lordosis in a biomechanically distinct manner from posterior fusions. When part of a concomitant posterior construct, hardware failure (HF), sometimes requiring revision surgery, can occur. We sought to study the relationship between tLLIF and HF.

Outpatient initiation of venetoclax in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Introduction: Venetoclax is a treatment option in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in both the front-line and relapsed/refractory settings. Initiation of therapy has been previously restricted to the inpatient setting at some institutions due to a risk of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and limitations in medication access efficiency given the high cost of therapy.

Methods: We assessed the safety of initiating venetoclax in the outpatient setting through a single-arm, retrospective study of adult AML patients between April 1, 2019 and June 30, 2020.

Reciprocal perspective as a super learner improves drug-target interaction prediction (MUSDTI).

The identification of novel drug-target interactions (DTI) is critical to drug discovery and drug repurposing to address contemporary medical and public health challenges presented by emergent diseases. Historically, computational methods have framed DTI prediction as a binary classification problem (indicating whether or not a drug physically interacts with a given protein target); however, framing the problem instead as a regression-based prediction of the physiochemical binding affinity is more meaningful. With growing databases of experimentally derived drug-target interactions (e.

Paramedian Wiltse Approach for Giant Paraspinal Lumbar Schwannoma: Technical Note and Alternative Approaches.

Background: Paraspinal lumbar schwannomas are primarily located outside of the spinal canal with minimal extension into the neural foramen. Approaching these tumors through a traditional posterior approach can be challenging given their lateral location to the spine and is likely to require extensive bony removal and potential destabilization of the spine. Alternatives approaches have been identified that may circumvent the need for extensive bony removal.

Regeneration of Capto Core 700 resin through high throughput and laboratory scale studies and impact on production of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.

During the development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate, at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, raw materials shortages, including chromatography resins, necessitated the determination of a cleaning in place (CIP) strategy for a multimodal core-shell resin both rapidly and efficiently. Here, the deployment of high throughput (HT) techniques to screen CIP conditions for cleaning Capto Core 700 resin exposed to clarified cell culture harvest (CCCH) of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate produced in Vero adherent cell culture are described. The best performing conditions, comprised of 30% n-propanol and ≥0.

Human cardiac myosin-binding protein C phosphorylation- and mutation-dependent structural dynamics monitored by time-resolved FRET.

Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (cMyBP-C) is a thick filament-associated protein of the sarcomere and a potential therapeutic target for treating contractile dysfunction in heart failure. Mimicking the structural dynamics of phosphorylated cMyBP-C by small-molecule drug binding could lead to therapies that modulate cMyBP-C conformational states, and thereby function, to improve contractility. We have developed a human cMyBP-C biosensor capable of detecting intramolecular structural changes due to phosphorylation and mutation.

Surgical and anatomic factors predict development of leptomeningeal disease in patients with melanoma brain metastases.

Background: Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating complication of systemic malignancy, of which there is an unclear etiology. The aim of this study is to determine if surgical or anatomic factors can predict LMD in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of 1162 patients treated at single institution for melanoma brain metastases (MBM).

A Multi-Factorial Observational Study on Sequential Fecal Microbiota Transplant in Patients with Medically Refractory Infection.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is highly effective in recurrent infection (CDI); increasing evidence supports FMT in severe or fulminant infection (SFCDI). However, the multifactorial mechanisms that underpin the efficacy of FMT are not fully understood. Systems biology approaches using high-throughput technologies may help with mechanistic dissection of host-microbial interactions.

A Cohort Study on Prognostic Factors for Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy Success in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a promising approach for cytoreduction of deep-seated gliomas. However, parameters contributing to treatment success remain unclear.

Objective: To identify extent of ablation (EOA) and time to chemotherapy (TTC) as predictors of improved overall and progression-free survival (OS, PFS) and suggest laser parameters to achieve optimal EOA.