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GPI-anchored proteins are widely distributed in eukaryotic cells. However, their functions are still poorly understood in necrotrophic pathogenic fungi. Here, based on Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transient expression screening, a novel secreted GPI-anchored protein, SsGP1, that induces plant cell death was characterised in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The homologues of SsGP1 are broadly distributed among ascomycetes. SsGP1 can activate plant immune responses, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst and the up-regulated expression of immunity genes, in a manner that is dependent on BAK1 but independent of SOBIR1. Treatment of plants with SsGP1 protein enhanced the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana to S. sclerotiorum. Our findings reveal that SsGP1 functions as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) and is recognised by plants in a BAK1-dependent manner.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mpp.70072 | DOI Listing |
Cells sense and respond to fluid shear stress. Cell surfaces are exposed to flow, yet the influence of shear stress on the behavior of plasma membrane proteins remains unclear. Here we show that extracellular flow induces the gradient distribution of cell membrane proteins with increasing concentration toward the downstream direction of the flow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Pathog
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, rely on host factors for their replication and pathogenesis, while hosts deploy defense mechanisms to counteract viral infections. Although numerous host proviral factors have been identified, the landscape of host restriction factors and their underlying mechanisms remain less explored. Here, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens using three distinct coronaviruses-SARS-CoV-2, HCoV-OC43 (a common cold human virus from the genus Betacoronavirus) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (Alphacoronavirus) to identify conserved host restriction factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurochem
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Sphingomyelin (SM) is primarily located in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. It plays a crucial role in intercellular communication and the morphology of neuronal cells by influencing the localization and function of various proteins. However, the mechanisms regulating the SM content in the neuronal plasma membrane remain largely elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Immunopharmacol
August 2025
Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India. Electronic address:
AsSGU (Anopheles stephensi Secretory Glycoconjugate of Unknown function) is a GPI-anchored (Glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol) protein that is expressed in An. stephensi midgut after blood feeding. The role of midgut specific SGU protein in ookinetes invasion and transmission-blocking activity of the Plasmodium parasite has been confirmed and reported in An.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Center for Membrane Receptor and Brain Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang, China.
Lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs) have expanded the scope of targeted protein degradation (TPD) by enabling the selective removal of extracellular proteins that are inaccessible to proteasome-dependent strategies. This Perspective examines small-molecule and peptide ligands that interact with several representative lysosome-shuttling receptors and analyzes their structural characteristics, binding mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. We also investigate emerging efforts to exploit noncanonical endocytic pathways mediated by lysosomal membrane proteins, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored receptors, lectin receptors, solute carriers, integrins, and GPCRs for LYTAC development.
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