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D-Tagatose is a representative rare sugar with the physiochemical properties of low energy and high sweetness, as well as excellent physiological functions such as blood sugar regulation, enhancement of intestinal flora, and prevention of dental caries. At present, D-tagatose production involves lactose hydrolysis and D-galactose isomerization processes, resulting in high production costs that hinder its industrial advancement. Tagatose 4-epimerase (T4Ease) has the capability to directly convert d-fructose into D-tagatose through C-4 epimerization, providing a new approach for D-tagatose production. In this study, a hyperthermostable T4Ease from Infirmifilum uzonense (Inuz-TE4ase) was identified from the Foldseek clustered AlphaFold database and its biochemical properties were characterized in detail. Under the optimal reaction conditions of 90 °C and pH 8.5 (Tris-HCl) with the addition of 1 mM Ni, the maximum catalytic activity towards d-fructose was determined to be 0.680 U/mg. Inuz-TE4ase exhibited exceptional thermostability, with half-life (t) values of 19.3 h at 85 °C and 8.9 h at 90 °C, respectively. Inuz-TE4ase was strictly metal-dependent, and its stability could be enhanced by Ni with an increase in the melting temperature (T) value from 101.1 °C to 105.7 °C. When 100 g/L d-fructose was used as the substrate, Inuz-TE4ase could catalyze the production of 21.67 g/L D-tagatose, indicating its significant potential for D-tagatose bioproduction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141168 | DOI Listing |
J Agric Food Chem
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
Tagatose 4-epimerase (T4Ease) has been demonstrated as a valuable enzyme for the bioproduction of d-tagatose, a low-calorie sugar substitute with various physiological benefits. The recently identified T4Ease from archaeon (Thar-T4Ease) exhibits the highest naturally occurring C4-epimerization activity reported to date and is capable of catalyzing the interconversion of d-fructose and d-tagatose. In this study, we elucidated the high-resolution crystal structure of Thar-T4Ease and conducted a detailed investigation of its structural features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Agric Food Chem
May 2025
State Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, P.R. China.
D-Tagatose, a promising sugar substitute with various functional properties and commercial applications, can be enzymatically converted from D-fructose by tagatose 4-epimerase. The development of an efficient tagatose 4-epimerase that catalyzes the conversion of D-fructose into D-tagatose is essential to make the production technology of D-tagatose applicable. In this study, tagatose 4-epimerase from (T4Ease) was engineered through semi-rational design and directed evolution, resulting in a 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
June 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
D-Tagatose is a promising functional sweetener due to its safety profile and versatile physiological effects. Recently, the bioconversion of D-tagatose from cost-effective natural resources has gained increasing attention. In this study, the hypothetical protein DRJ43_04605 from Thermoprotei archaeon, abbreviated as DRJ43-T4Ease, was identified as a tagatose 4-epimerase capable of efficiently converting d-fructose into D-tagatose.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
April 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
Fructose, a common monosaccharide in nature extensively utilized in the food industry, poses a risk of elevated chronic disease incidence with excessive consumption. The global movement for a healthier living has sparked a quest for sugar reduction in foodstuff. The growing concern regarding the adverse impact of excessive sugar consumption on public health has led to significant interest in investigating healthier sugar alternatives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
May 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
D-Tagatose is a representative rare sugar with the physiochemical properties of low energy and high sweetness, as well as excellent physiological functions such as blood sugar regulation, enhancement of intestinal flora, and prevention of dental caries. At present, D-tagatose production involves lactose hydrolysis and D-galactose isomerization processes, resulting in high production costs that hinder its industrial advancement. Tagatose 4-epimerase (T4Ease) has the capability to directly convert d-fructose into D-tagatose through C-4 epimerization, providing a new approach for D-tagatose production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF