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Department of Clinical Medicine (IKM), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Approximately 3% to 5% of individuals with oncogenic rearrangements in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene develop non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Brigatinib, a potent next-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated significant systemic and intracranial responses, as well as improved progression-free survival, with an acceptable safety profile. According to European Society for Medical Oncology guidelines patients with ALK translocation and performance status 0-3 can be offered 1st line treatment with TKI (brigatinib, alectinib, or lorlatinib).
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ESMO Open
September 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan. Electronic address:
Background: Resistance to alectinib, the standard first-line therapy for anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a major clinical challenge. This study aimed to investigate resistance mechanisms using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA).
Materials And Methods: Plasma samples from 67 patients in the alectinib group of the J-ALEX study were collected at baseline, on day 57, and at treatment discontinuation.
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Department of Ophthalmology, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.
Lung cancer is the second most common primary site for intraocular metastatic tumors, with the most frequent metastatic site being the choroid. However, cases of intraocular metastasis of lung cancer presenting as anterior uveitis or secondary glaucoma are rare and often misdiagnosed. Here, we report a case of a lung adenocarcinoma stage IV patient, who presented with anterior uveitis as the initial symptom without respiratory symptoms.
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Despite the development of various effective anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs), therapeutic resistance remains a major challenge. Both on-target and off-target mechanisms have been identified as key contributors to resistance. With the popularization of genetic testing and the development of precision therapies, the prognosis and survival of patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have improved.
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Department of Radiation Oncology Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is a crucial oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) represent the primary therapeutic option for advanced NSCLC patients with ALK rearrangements. However, the definitive determination of ALK-TKIs sensitivity towards newly identified rare ALK rearrangements remains elusive.
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