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Metal halide borates are promising candidates for high-performance nonlinear optical (NLO) applications, yet the origins of their second harmonic generation (SHG) properties remain unclear. Using atom response theory combined with density functional theory calculations, this study investigates why halogen substitution leads to distinctly different SHG responses in halide monoborates (PbBOX) versus halide pentaborates (PbBOX). We find that the SHG origins vary between these two families due to differences in the strength of the Pb-X interactions. Interestingly, the stereochemically active lone pairs are not shown to be the primary contributors to SHG; instead, these hybridized asymmetric orbitals can introduce negative contributions. Utilizing the vs α/(NE) linear relationship, we predict 12 new NLO borates with strong SHG responses, including the promising NLO material SnBOI (19.2 × KDP), which is expected to exhibit the highest SHG response among halide borates reported to date. This work provides valuable insights into the relationship between elemental substitution and SHG modulation, guiding the design of advanced NLO materials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c04869 | DOI Listing |
Inorg Chem
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, 1414 W Clybourn Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States.
Ferrous ions in four-coordinate environments are common in protein structures, synthetic catalysts, and molecular magnets. The 3 configuration of high-spin Fe(II) imparts an = 2 ground state, whose analysis using conventional spectroscopic methods is often hindered by substantial zero-field splitting (ZFS). Herein, we provide detailed electronic-structure descriptions for [FeX(Tp)] (; X = F, Cl, Br, I), where (Tp) is hydrotris(3--butyl-5-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl)borate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
June 2025
Center for Hierarchical Waste form Materials, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States.
The crystal chemistry of americium-containing extended structures was investigated, and several classes of americium-containing solid-state oxide materials were obtained in single-crystal form via high-temperature flux crystal growth. This enabled the structural characterization of rare examples of ternary, quaternary, and penternary americium-containing silicates KAm (SiO) and CsAmSiO, phosphates NaAm (PO) and KAm (PO), borates BaAm(BO) and AmBO, borate halides CaAm(BO)Cl, molybdates LiAmMoO, and fluorides CsAmF. Using these crystallographic data, the ionic radii of Am with coordination numbers of six (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
May 2025
Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education of China, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
Tandem perovskite solar cells represent a significant avenue for the future development of perovskite photovoltaics. Despite their promise, wide-bandgap perovskites, essential for constructing efficient tandem structures, have encountered formidable challenges. Notably, the high bromine content (>40%) in these 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Intensified host-guest electronic interplay within stable metal-organic cages (MOCs) presents great opportunities for applications in stimuli response and photocatalysis. Zr-MOCs represent a type of robust discrete hosts for such a design, but their host-guest chemistry in solution is hampered by the limited solubility. Here, by using pyridinium-derived cationic ligands with tetrakis(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)borate (BAr) as solubilizing counteranions, we report the preparation of soluble Zr-MOCs of different shapes (1-4) that are otherwise inaccessible through a conventional method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China.
Metal halide borates are promising candidates for high-performance nonlinear optical (NLO) applications, yet the origins of their second harmonic generation (SHG) properties remain unclear. Using atom response theory combined with density functional theory calculations, this study investigates why halogen substitution leads to distinctly different SHG responses in halide monoborates (PbBOX) versus halide pentaborates (PbBOX). We find that the SHG origins vary between these two families due to differences in the strength of the Pb-X interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF