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The application of flour is determined by the composition of its starch and storage proteins. Previously isolated diploid wheat is known to be amylose-free and possesses the same amylopectin structure as the wild-type. To reveal its characteristics, starch, protein, lipid, fiber, gluten, and allergen contents and rheological properties were analyzed and compared to its parental wild-type diploid wheat and commercially available hexaploid wheats. The results showed that the starch content of diploid wheat was similar, but its protein, lipid, and fiber contents were higher than that of the wild-type. In addition, diploid wheat produced high levels of gluten unlike its wild-type while its allergen level was similar to its wild-type. The storage modulus of diploid wheat was significantly lower than that of other wheat lines at high temperatures. These results suggest that diploid wheat holds different characteristics from hexaploid wheats for food processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5458/jag.jag.JAG-2024_0001 | DOI Listing |
Genome Biol
September 2025
Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
Background: Centromeres are crucial for precise chromosome segregation and maintaining genome stability during cell division. However, their evolutionary dynamics, particularly in polyploid organisms with complex genomic architectures, remain largely enigmatic. Allopolyploid wheat, with its well-defined hierarchical ploidy series and recent polyploidization history, serves as an excellent model to explore centromere evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Physiol
September 2025
Laboratory of Advanced Breeding Technologies, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Polyploidization is a driving force of wheat (Triticum aestivum) evolution and speciation, yet its impact on epigenetic regulation and gene expression remains unclear. Here, we constructed a high-resolution epigenetic landscape across leaves, spikes, and roots of hexaploid wheat and its tetraploid and diploid relatives. Inter-species stably expressed genes exhibited conserved amino acid sequences under strong purifying selection, while dynamically expressed genes were linked to species-specific adaptation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant
September 2025
National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Chin
Accurate variant genotyping is crucial for genomics-assisted breeding. Graph pangenome references can address single-reference bias, thereby enhancing the performance of variant genotyping and empowering downstream applications in population genetics and quantitative genetics. However, existing pangenome-based genotyping methods are ineffective in handling large or complex pangenome graphs, particularly in polyploid genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes Genomics
September 2025
Department of Plant Pathology, Wheat Genetics Resource Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
Background: Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) Glycine], commonly known as Roundup, is one of the most widely used herbicides for controlling crop weeds. However, its extensive use has led to the rapid evolution of glyphosate-resistant (GR) weed populations, often via amplification of the target gene EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase), sometimes accompanied by chromosomal abnormalities.
Objective: This study investigates the occurrence and characteristics of aneusomaty in GR Amaranthus palmeri and its interspecific hybrids with A.
Mol Plant
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Production of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping, Henan Center for Crop Genomics and Rice Engineering, College of Agronomy, Longzi Lake Campus, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450002, China. Electronic addres
Broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) is highly sought after for the effective management of crop diseases. However, genes suitable for developing BSR remain scarce. In this study, we demonstrate the development of BSR to wheat yellow rust (YR), powdery mildew (PM), and leaf rust (LR) diseases elicited by three biotrophic fungal pathogens using a newly defined module, namely, RFEL1-NPR3.
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