98%
921
2 minutes
20
This article proposes a nonaugmented method for investigating the minimal observability problem of Boolean networks (BNs). This method can be applied to more general BNs and reduce the computational and space complexity of existing results. First, unobservable states concerning an unobservable BN are classified into three categories using the vertex-colored state transition graph, each accompanied by a necessary and sufficient condition for determining additional measurements to make them distinguishable. Then, an algorithm is designed to identify the additional measurements that would render an unobservable BN observable using the conditions. Next, to determine the minimum added measurements, a necessary and sufficient condition and an algorithm based on a constructed matrix are presented. Finally, the results obtained are compared with existing literature and illustrated with examples.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TCYB.2024.3464642 | DOI Listing |
Injury
August 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Introduction: To minimize the complications associated with proximal humerus open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), various augmentation strategies have been utilized to manage humeral head bone loss. The purpose of the study is to report clinical and patient reported outcomes of calcium sulfate hydroxyapatite bio-composite bone void filler augmentation of proximal humerus ORIF.
Methods: A prospective cohort of patients who sustained a proximal humerus fracture (PHF) treated with ORIF were collected between 2022-2024.
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol
August 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States.
Introduction: There is limited evidence to guide treatment strategies for native and periprosthetic distal femoral nonunions. The aim was to determine factors associated with failure of distal femoral nonunion repair.
Methods: All adult patients undergoing operative repair for a distal femoral nonunion from 2004 to 2023 at two Level 1 Trauma Centers with ≥ 6 months follow-up were identified.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976)
July 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA.
Study Design: Biomechanical/basic science.
Objective: To evaluate efficacy of dental cement augmentation of lateral mass screws in the cervical spine.
Summary Of Background Data: Premature loosening and fixation failure is a known problem of screw fixation of the spine, especially in cases of poor bone quality.
Orthop J Sports Med
July 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Despite advancements in surgical treatment of rotator cuff tears, such as the implementation of patches to reinforce repairs, the rate of retears remains high. Construct failure often occurs at the suture-tendon interface.
Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of 3 types of rotator cuff repair (RCR): a nonaugmented transosseous-equivalent (TOE) repair, a conventional patch-augmented TOE repair, and a TOE repair augmented with a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) patch that directly interlocks with the underlying tendon across its entire interface.
Clin Ophthalmol
July 2025
Division of Ophthalmology, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Purpose: Acquired comitant esotropia (ACE) is a rare condition characterized by the sudden onset of inward eye deviation. In non-recovered cases, surgery was performed. The standard surgical dose typically leads to undercorrection, and multimodal approaches were used to enhance outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF