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Foxtail millet () is an important cereal crop with rich nutritional value. Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) are the prerequisites for the application of new variety rights for foxtail millet. In this study, we investigated 32 DUS test characteristics of 183 foxtail millet resources, studied their artificial selection trends, and identified the varieties that conform to breeding trends. The results indicated significant differences in terms of the means, ranges, and coefficients of variation for each characteristic. A correlation analysis was performed to determine the correlations between various DUS characteristics. A principal component analysis was conducted on 31 test characteristics to determine their primary characteristics. By plotting PC1 and PC2, all the germplasm resources could be clearly distinguished. The trends in foxtail millet breeding were identified through a differential analysis of the DUS test characteristics between the landrace and cultivated varieties. Based on these breeding trends, the optimal solution types for multiple evaluation indicators were determined; the weight allocation was calculated; and a specific TOPSIS algorithm was designed to establish a comprehensive multi-criteria decision-making model. Using this model, the breeding potential of foxtail millet germplasm resources were ranked. These findings provided important reference for foxtail millet breeding in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13152102 | DOI Listing |
Food Chem
September 2025
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Center of Technology Innovation in Food Industry, China Agricultural University, China. Electronic address:
Foxtail millet quality deteriorates during storage, but the mechanisms behind aging-related changes are not fully understood. This study investigated lipid degradation and volatile compound changes in stored foxtail millets, employing proteomics to uncover underlying quality decline mechanisms. After 30 days, fatty acid contents increased, accompanied by a general coarser grain surface texture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Food Sci
September 2025
Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Liqueur koji-fermented foxtail millet beverages offer distinctive flavors and health benefits, but the interrelationships among flavor compounds, sensory properties, and antioxidant activity remain unelucidated. This study systematically mapped dynamic changes across a standardized 72 h fermentation using chromatographic, electronic sensory approaches, and antioxidant assays. Key results revealed glucose, lactic acid, and succinic acid as primary taste-active indicators through HPLC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
September 2025
Special Orphan Crops Research Center of the Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
Crop domestication typically accumulates structural and deleterious variants through genetic bottlenecks and selection hitchhiking. However, the structural and deleterious variant burden has not been investigated in the foxtail millet (). Integrating comparative genomics, pangenomics, population genetics, and quantitative genetics, we identified 6,713 gene gains and 2,802 losses during domestication, affecting flowering time and developmental processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
August 2025
Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
Our understanding of how photosynthetic capacity varies among C species and across growth and measurement conditions remains limited. We collated 1696 CO response curves of net CO assimilation rate (A/C curves) from C species grown and measured at various environmental conditions and used these data to estimate the apparent maximum carboxylation activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (V) and CO-saturated net photosynthetic rate (A), two key parameters describing photosynthetic capacity. We examined how V and A vary with species-specific traits, growth and measurement conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
August 2025
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
Efficient and fast water uptake by seeds, facilitated by optimal soil moisture, plays a critical role in timely germination and early seedling vigor for foxtail millet production in arid and semi-arid regions. The husk, as a unique structure through which the seed contacts the soil, plays an important role in water uptake and germination. Many foxtail millet germplasm accessions have papillae on the epidermis of their husks, yet the role of this trait in water uptake and germination, as well as the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism related to this trait, remain unknown.
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