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This algorithm was issued for the appropriate use of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Japan. The revisions include safety considerations, fatty liver disease as a comorbidity to be taken into account and the position of tirzepatide.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363114 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdi.14202 | DOI Listing |
JCI Insight
September 2025
Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States of America.
Impaired muscle regrowth in aging is underpinned by reduced pro-inflammatory macrophage function and subsequently impaired muscle cellular remodeling. Macrophage phenotype is metabolically controlled through TCA intermediate accumulation and activation of HIF1A. We hypothesized that transient hypoxia following disuse in old mice would enhance macrophage metabolic inflammatory function thereby improving muscle cellular remodeling and recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
September 2025
Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
Understanding the genetic causes of diseases affecting pancreatic β cells and neurons can give insights into pathways essential for both cell types. Microcephaly, epilepsy and diabetes syndrome (MEDS) is a congenital disorder with two known aetiological genes, IER3IP1 and YIPF5. Both genes encode proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi trafficking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Invest
September 2025
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD, La Jolla, United States of America.
3-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate (HS) is the key determinant for binding and activation of Antithrombin III (AT). This interaction is the basis of heparin treatment to prevent thrombotic events and excess coagulation. Antithrombin-binding HS (HSAT) is expressed in human tissues, but is thought to be expressed in the subendothelial space, mast cells, and follicular fluid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Medicine, Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106.
The β-adrenergic receptor (βAR), a prototype G protein-coupled receptor, controls cardiopulmonary function underpinning O delivery. Abundance of the βAR is canonically regulated by G protein-coupled receptor kinases and β-arrestins, but neither controls constitutive receptor levels, which are dependent on ambient O. Basal βAR expression is instead regulated by the prolyl hydroxylase/pVHL-E3 ubiquitin ligase system, explaining O responsivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
September 2025
Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Importance: As obesity rates rise in the US, managing associated metabolic comorbidities presents a growing burden to the health care system. While bariatric surgery has shown promise in mitigating established metabolic conditions, no large studies have quantified the risk of developing major obesity-related comorbidities after bariatric surgery.
Objective: To identify common metabolic phenotypes for patients eligible for bariatric surgery and to estimate crude and adjusted incidence rates of additional metabolic comorbidities associated with bariatric surgery compared with weight management program (WMP) alone.