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In the feedrate scheduling of complex curve direct interpolation, dynamic constraints such as axis acceleration and jerk are related to the actual state of the tool. Most existing methods convert dynamic constraints to velocity constraints at sampling points. However, it cannot guarantee the dynamic constraints are satisfied between sampling points. Addressing the issue, this paper proposes a dynamic look-ahead feedrate scheduling method based on sliding mode velocity control, which generates the motion command considering dynamic constraints in every interpolation cycle. To dynamically generate commands based on the current tool state, the acceleration and deceleration method based on sliding mode velocity control has been proposed, which can control tool state to transition to the command state with any initial state. To ensure sufficient distance for acceleration and deceleration, this paper uses braking distance to dynamically estimate the look-ahead distance. Then the minimum value within the look-ahead interval is selected as the command velocity for this scheduling cycle and the actual motion command is determined based on the dynamic constraints of each axis. Simulation and experiment results prove that compared with the existing method, this method effectively reduces the overshoot of dynamic constraints without significantly increasing the machining time. The analysis of real-time computation time has demonstrated the potential of the method proposed in this paper for real-time applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-66203-w | DOI Listing |
Annu Rev Entomol
September 2025
5Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; email:
Wetlands and their aquatic arthropods are threatened by climate change (temperature, precipitation). In this review, we first synthesize the literature on environmental controls on wetland arthropods (hydroperiod, temperature, dissolved oxygen) and then assess how these controls operate across freshwater wetlands from different global biomes (tropical/subtropical, temperate, high latitude/altitude, and dry climates) and how changes in climates alter arthropod fauna with consequent modifications to wetland ecosystem functions (decomposition, food web dynamics). We also describe ways to develop bioassessment of climate change impacts on wetlands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for lung cancer involves complex multileaf collimator (MLC) motion, which increases sensitivity to interplay effects with tumour motion. Current dynamic conformal arc methods address this issue but may limit the achievable dose distribution optimisation compared with standard VMAT. This study examined the clinical utility of a VMAT technique with monitor unit limits (VMATliMU) to mimic conformal arc delivery and reduce interplay effects while maintaining plan quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan.
The exclusive formation of artificial multicomponent assemblies remains a significant challenge, in contrast to the well-established organization observed in natural systems, due to intrinsic entropic constraints. To overcome this limitation, recent efforts have been focused on developing precision self-assembly strategies for the rational construction of such architectures. Here, we construct an ideal complementary pair of 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (tpy)-based ligands by fine-tuning the substituent bulkiness, which enables the quantitative formation of robust nested cages through efficient dynamic heteroleptic complexation with multivalent coordination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Cyclic peptides (CPs) are versatile building blocks whose conformational constraints foster ordered supramolecular architectures with potential in biomedicine, nanoelectronics, and catalysis. Herein, we report the development of biomimetic antifreeze materials by conjugating CPs bearing ice-binding residues to 4-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) via click chemistry. The concentration-dependent self-assembly of these CP-PEG conjugates induces programmable morphological transitions, forming nanotube networks above the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) and two-dimensional nanosheet networks near the CAC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha 410083, China.
While deep learning-enhanced Raman spectroscopy enables rapid sample analysis, model portability among spectrometers remains hindered by systematic interdevice variations. In this study, a Low-Rank Adaptation-based Calibration Transfer method (LoRA-CT) is proposed to perform parameter-efficient fine-tuning of deep learning models across spectrometers. By decomposing weight updates into low-rank matrices, LoRA-CT achieves superior calibration transfer with minimal samples, reducing trainable parameters by 600× compared to full parameter fine-tuning.
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