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The capability of organic emitters to harvest triplet excitons a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) process has opened a new era in organic optoelectronics. Nevertheless, low brightness, and consequently an insufficient roll-off ratio, constitutes a bottleneck for their practical applications in the domain of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). To address this formidable challenge, we developed a new design of desymmetrized naphthalimide (NMI) featuring an annulated indole with a set of auxiliary donors on its periphery. Their perpendicular arrangement led to minimized HOMO-LUMO overlap, resulting in a low energy gap (Δ = 0.05-0.015 eV) and efficient TADF emission with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) ranging from 82.8% to 95.3%. Notably, the entire set of dyes (NMI-Ind-TBCBz, NMI-Ind-DMAc, NMI-Ind-PXZ, and NMI-Ind-PTZ) was utilized to fabricate TADF OLED devices, exhibiting yellow to red electroluminescence. Among them, red-emissive NMI-Ind-PTZ, containing phenothiazine as an electron-rich component, revealed predominant performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 23.6%, accompanied by a persistent luminance of 38 000 cd m. This results in a unique roll-off ratio (EQE = 21.6%), delineating a straightforward path for their commercial use in lighting and display technologies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4sc01391c | DOI Listing |
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Organic Electronic Materials Laboratory, Department of Information Display, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Solution-processed phosphorescent inverted organic light-emitting diodes (s-IOLEDs) have garnered significant attention due to their excellent stability and high performance. However, frequently used inorganic electron transport layers usually cause exciton dissociation at the emitting layer interface, leading to low device efficiency and severe efficiency roll-off. In this work, we designed a cross-linkable triazine-grafted electron transport copolymer (PPDPT--PBCB) with a high triplet energy (3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
May 2025
Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Multiple resonance (MR) emitters bridged by multi-nitrogen indolocarbazoles to extend molecule skeletons could modify emission maximums without scarifying narrow full width at half-maximum (FWHM), which, however, face synthesis challenges of uncontrollable borylation regioselectivity and spectral broadening issue from intermolecular aggregation. Here, a steric presubstitution strategy is devised using tert-butylphenyl-functionalized indolo[3,2-b]carbazole as a bridge to extend MR skeletons, not only steering regioselective Bora-Friedel-Crafts borylation but also suppressing intermolecular interactions in films. The targeted greenish emitter, therefore, achieves a small electroluminescence FWHM of only 22 nm in device, matching the intrinsic photoluminescence one of 21 nm in dilute toluene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
May 2025
State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
The development of multiple resonances thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) emitters exhibiting high efficiency, narrowband emission, rapid reverse intersystem crossing rate (k), and suppressed concentration quenching simultaneously is of great significance yet a formidable challenge. Herein, an effective strategy is presented to realize the above target by synergizing multiple charge-transfer excited states, including short-range charge transfer (SRCT), through-bond charge transfer (TBCT), and through-space charge transfer (TSCT). The proof-of-concept emitter 4tCz2B exhibits a bright green emission with a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 21 nm (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; College of Textile Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
Red-emitting materials have significantly advanced the development of materials for OLEDs and bioimaging. However, traditional red dyes often suffer from the 5 % external quantum efficiency (EQE) limit and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), which impede their practical applications. Herein, two red-emitting materials, TPA-QP and Cz-Ph-QP were designed and synthesized with donor-acceptor (D-A) structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
March 2025
Department of Information Display, College of Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
This work reports the synthesis of a series of bipolar host polymers, specifically , , and , which incorporate a hole-transporting unit, 7,7-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2-(4-vinylphenyl)-5,7-dihydroindeno[2,1-]carbazole , and an electron-transporting unit, 2,4-diphenyl-6-(4-vinylphenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine . These polymers are meticulously designed to achieve efficient bipolar charge transport while exhibiting high triplet energy levels (T), robust thermal stability, and smooth surface morphology. The tunability of the recombination zone position was achieved by adjusting the relative ratio of the hole and electron transport units in the emissive layer, leading to optimized charge balance and enhanced device performance.
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