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With the development of next-generation sequencing technology, de novo variants (DNVs) with deleterious effects can be identified and investigated for their effects on birth defects such as congenital heart disease (CHD). However, statistical power is still limited for such studies because of the small sample size due to the high cost of recruiting and sequencing samples and the low occurrence of DNVs. DNV analysis is further complicated by genetic heterogeneity across diseased individuals. Therefore, it is critical to jointly analyze DNVs with other types of genomic/biological information to improve statistical power to identify genes associated with birth defects. In this review, we discuss the general workflow, recent developments in statistical methods, and future directions for DNV analysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40246-024-00590-z | DOI Listing |
J Am Soc Nephrol
September 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: Genetic modifiers are believed to play an important role in the onset and severity of polycystic kidney disease (PKD), but identifying these modifiers has been challenging due to the lack of effective methodologies.
Methods: We generated zebrafish mutants of IFT140, a skeletal ciliopathy gene and newly identified autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) gene, to examine skeletal development and kidney cyst formation in larval and juvenile mutants. Additionally, we utilized ift140 crispants, generated through efficient microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ)-based genome editing, to compare phenotypes with mutants and conduct a pilot genetic modifier screen.
J Neurooncol
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Purpose: Frailty measures are critical for predicting outcomes in metastatic spine disease (MSD) patients. This study aimed to evaluate frailty measures throughout the disease process.
Methods: This retrospective analysis measured frailty in MSD patients at multiple time points using a modified Metastatic Spinal Tumor Frailty Index (MSTFI).
Vet Res Commun
September 2025
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Subsede Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, México.
Histological analysis is a method commonly used in medical clinics to evaluate biological tissues and their abnormalities. However, this method is based on tissue collected from the necropsy of the animal, where modifications in the tissue associated with autolysis can occur after death. This study analyses the post-mortem histomorphological changes in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) after euthanasia by clove oil anaesthesia induction and pithing as a secondary killing method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
September 2025
Tianjin Children's Hospital (Children's Hospital of Tianjin University), No. 238 Longyan Road, Beichen District, Tianjin, 300134, China.
Neurochem Res
September 2025
School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, China.
Metabolic synergy between astrocytes and neurons is key to maintaining normal brain function. As the main supporting cells in the brain, astrocytes work closely with neurons through intercellular metabolic synergy networks to jointly regulate energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, synaptic transmission, and cerebral blood flow. This important synergy is often disrupted in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke.
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