Ultra-stable dendrite-free Na and Li metal anodes enabled by tin selenide host material.

J Colloid Interface Sci

Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518063, China. Electronic address:

Published: April 2024


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Article Abstract

Lithium/sodium metal anodes are considered promising candidates to realize high-energy-density batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity and low potential. However, their cycling stability are hindered by uncontrolled dendrites growth. Herein, SnSe nanoparticles are tightly anchored on the fiber of carbon cloth (CC) to construct SnSe@CC host material in order to control Li/Na nucleation behavior and restrain dendrites growth. It is demonstrated that the alloying product of LiSn/NaSn with strong metal affinity can provide abundant active nucleation sites, and three-dimensional structure of CC host can significantly decrease the local electric current, thereby guiding homogeneous metal deposition without Li and Na dendrites. Meanwhile, the conversion product of LiSe/NaSe will uniformly cover on the surface of metal to serve as ultra-stable solid state interface film. As a result, high-capacity Li metal anode (20 mAh·cm) and Na metal anode (10 mAh·cm) can work steadily with ultra-long lifespans over 5000 and 6000 h with low overpotentials of 7 mV and 141 mV, respectively. Moreover, the assembled Li and Na metal full batteries exhibit superior electrochemical performances, confirming the practicability of metal anode confined in composite host. Such a strategy of conversion-alloying-type materials as hosts opens up a new path for dendrite-free metal anode electrode.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.128DOI Listing

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