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Consuming one of the largest amount of electricity, the chlor-alkali industry supplies basic chemicals for society, which mainly consists of two reactions, hydrogen evolution (HER) and chlorine evolution reaction (CER). Till now, the state-of-the-art catalyst applied in this field is still the dimensional stable anode (DSA), which consumes a large amount of noble metal of Ru and Ir. It is thus necessary to develop new types of catalysts. In this study, an organocatalyst anchored on the single-atom support (SAS) is put forward. It exhibits high catalytic efficiency towards both HER and CER with an overpotential of 21 mV and 20 mV at 10 mA cm . With this catalyst on both electrodes, the energy consumption is cut down by 1.2 % compared with the commercial system under industrial conditions. Based on this novel catalyst and the high activity, the mechanism of modifying non-covalent interaction is demonstrated to be reliable for the catalyst's design. This work not only provides efficient catalysts for the chlor-alkali industry but also points out that the SACs can also act as support, providing new twists for the development of SACs and organic molecules in the next step.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202314382 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Ministry of Education, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Eco-chemical Engineering and Green Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.
Facing the massive energy consumption of over 200 TWh y of chlor-alkali industry, developing high-activity and durable non-precious CER (chlorine evolution reaction) catalysts is urgently needed to address the high overpotentials and suppress the dissolution high-valance metal species. Herein, a carbon quantum dots functionalized trimetallic Fe/Co/Ni spinel oxide nanotube architecture (FCNO@CQDs) is constructed, featuring t-to-π* π-backbonding for dramatically enhanced CER activity and stability. The reverse electron flow from Co d-obritals to the vacant CQDs' π* orbitals can upshift the d-band center for enhanced intermediate adsorption, while stabilizing high-valent Co centers via increased bond order.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Chlorine (Cl) is one of the most important chemicals in the chemical industry, which is primarily produced by the electrochemical chlorine evolution reaction (CER) in the chlor-alkali process. While platinum-group metal (PGM)-based dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) have dominated over the last half century, atomically dispersed catalysts (ADCs) have recently emerged as a promising class of CER catalysts; however, they still rely on PGMs. In this work, we prepared a series of non-PGM (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu)-based ADCs and investigated their CER reactivity trends.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
June 2025
School of Energy Science and Technology, Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Henan University Zhengzhou 450046 PR China
Metal-nitrogen-carbon (metal-N-C)-based catalysts with optimized local and external structures have received considerable attention owing to their improved activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. Abundant well-defined active sites on catalysts effectively enhance ORR performances. Herein, the Fe/Co-nitrogen-carbon-graphene nanoribbons (Fe/Co-N-C-GNRs) hybrids were obtained through the growth of Fe/zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 particles on the surface of graphene oxide nanoribbons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
June 2025
"Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași, 73 Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron Street, 700050 Iași, Romania.
Brine purification is an important process unit in chlor-alkali industrial plants for the production of sodium hydroxide, chlorine, and hydrogen. The membrane cell process requires ultrapure brine, which is obtained through mechanical filtration, chemical precipitation and fine polishing, and ion exchange using polymer resins. Temperature variations can lead to the degradation of the exchange properties of these resins, primarily causing a decrease in their exchange capacity, which negatively impacts the efficiency of the brine purification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
September 2025
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK. Electronic address:
Worldwide, 141.5 million cubic meters of brine are produced by desalination plants per day which is usually rejected and discharged into the ocean without further treatment. Even though some research has been done on brine valorisation, the economic and environmental benefits are rarely understood from a global perspective.
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