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The copper transporter (/) gene family plays a critical part in maintaining the balance of the metal, and many diverse species depend on to move copper (Cu) across the cell membrane. In , , , , , , and a genome-wide study of the COPT protein family was performed. To understand the major roles of the gene family in (), a genome-wide study identified four genes in the genome for the first time. The domain and 3D structural variation, phylogenetic tree, chromosomal distributions, gene structure, motif analysis, subcellular localization, cis-regulatory elements, synteny and duplication analysis, and expression profiles in leaves and Cu were all investigated in this research. Structural and sequence investigations show that most have three transmembrane domains (TMDs). According to phylogenetic research, these might be divided into two subgroups, just like . gene segmental duplications and positive selection pressure were discovered by universal analysis. According to gene structure and motif analysis, most genes showed consistent exon-intron and motif organization within the same group. In addition, we found five hormones and four stress- and seven light-responsive cis-elements in the promoters. The expression studies revealed that all four genes changed their expression levels in response to copper (CuCl) treatments. In summary, our study offers a thorough overview of the gene family's expression pattern and functional diversity, making it easier to characterize each gene's function in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115579 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The origin and phylogenetic distribution of symbiotic associations between nodulating angiosperms and nitrogen-fixing bacteria have long intrigued biologists. Recent comparative evolutionary analyses have yielded alternative hypotheses: a multistep pathway of independent gains and losses of root nodule symbiosis vs. a single gain followed by numerous losses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Microbiol Biotechnol
September 2025
School of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1140 E South Campus Drive, Forbes 303, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
Fungal endophytes and epiphytes associated with plant leaves can play important ecological roles through the production of specialized metabolites encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). However, their functional capacity, especially in crops like lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Genet
September 2025
College of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
Recessive variants in TWNK cause syndromes arising from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion. Hearing loss is the most prevalent manifestation in individuals with these disorders. However, the clinical and pathophysiological features have not been fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Genet
September 2025
Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi, 180001, India.
Trichoderma species exhibit remarkable versatility in adaptability and in occupying habitats with lifestyles ranging from mycoparasitism and saprotrophy to endophytism. In this study, we present the first high-quality whole-genome assembly and annotation of T. lixii using Illumina HiSeq technology to explore the mechanisms of endophytic lifestyle and plant colonization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant J
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK.
Plastoglobuli (PG) are plant lipoprotein compartments, present in plastid organelles. They are involved in the formation and/or storage of lipophilic metabolites. FIBRILLINs (FBNs) are one of the main PG-associated proteins and are particularly abundant in carotenoid-enriched chromoplasts found in ripe fruits and flowers.
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