Structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of a polysaccharide from finger citron extracted by continuous phase-transition extraction.

Int J Biol Macromol

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address:

Published: June 2023


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Article Abstract

FCP-2-1, a water-soluble polysaccharide rich in galacturonic acid was isolated by continuous phase-transition extraction and purified with DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography from finger citron with essential oil and flavonoids removed. The structural characterization and immunomodulatory activity of FCP-2-1 were further investigated in this work. FCP-2-1 with a M and M of 1.503 × 10 g/mol and 1.125 × 10 g/mol, respectively, was predominantly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose in a molar ratio of 0.685: 0.032: 0.283. The main linkage types of FCP-2-1 were proved to be →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→ and →4)-α-D-GalpA-(1→ based on methylation and NMR analysis. Moreover, FCP-2-1 was demonstrated to have significant immunomodulatory effects on macrophages in vitro by improving the cell viability, and enhancing phagocytic activity and secretion of NO and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α), indicating that FCP-2-1 could be used as a natural agent in immunoregulation functional foods.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124491DOI Listing

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