98%
921
2 minutes
20
The EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP Panel) assessed the safety of the 'waxes, paraffinic, refined, derived from petroleum-based or synthetic hydrocarbon feedstock, low viscosity' (FCM No. 93), for which the uses were requested to be extended for articles in contact with fatty foods. Migration from low-density polyethylene samples containing 1% w/w of a representative wax was tested in food simulants. In fatty food simulants, the migration of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) ≤ C35 was 142 mg/kg food, exceeding the overall migration limit for plastic FCM. Mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) with at least two rings are largely removed during the manufacturing process. Based on various lines of evidence, the Panel concluded that any concern for the potential presence of MOAH with two or more conjugated aromatic rings can be ruled out. Based on the genotoxicity studies and on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the substance does not raise a concern for genotoxicity. Available toxicokinetic data showed a limited accumulation of MOSH. No adverse effects were observed up to the highest tested dose of 9 g/kg body weight per day in a 90-day repeated oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. The available results showed that FCM No. 93 is devoid of endocrine activity. The provided information on chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity was limited and inadequate to reach conclusions on these endpoints. Therefore, the CEP Panel concluded that under the intended and tested conditions of uses, the substance does not raise safety concern for the consumer if used to a level ensuring that its migration into food is no more than 5 mg/kg.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9890528 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7761 | DOI Listing |
J Magn Reson
October 2025
Chemical and Biological Sciences Division, Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, United States. Electronic address:
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for materials characterization, yet its application to air- and moisture-sensitive materials is often hindered by the difficulty in maintaining an inert environment during magic-angle spinning (MAS). This is particularly true for fast-MAS rotors that do not generally provide tight seals. Herein, we present a generalizable approach employing perdeuterated paraffin waxes-n-icosane-d42 and c-dodecane-d24-as protective embedding media to analyze sensitive organometallic catalysts using SSNMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China. Electronic address:
The accumulation of plastic waste poses a serious environmental challenge, and traditional disposal methods have become insufficient. The autoclave hydrothermal processing method, employing supercritical liquid as a solvent, offers notable advantages for plastic thermal decomposition, including high conversion efficiency and superior product yield. The main objective of this study is to explore the characteristics of wax products derived from the hydrothermal conversion of LDPE plastic, thereby facilitating research into heavy hydrocarbons outside the range of petrol fuel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2025
Department of Invertebrate Ecophysiology and Experimental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Doświadczalna 50A, Lublin, 20-280, Poland.
The bee-wax combs are "the biggest organ of the bee colony body" as, in addition to their structural functions, they transfer information - pheromones and sounds. The lack of quality control procedures for bee-wax foundation, leads to a deterioration of this raw material, among others with the addition of paraffin and/or stearin. The adulteration of beeswax, from which wax foundation is produced, affects the mechanical strength of the combs and the development of the brood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
May 2025
College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
Supercritical CO (scCO) extraction exerts a significant effect on the physicochemical characteristics of crude oil. This work focuses on the role that waxes and asphaltenes played in the scCO extraction effect. The extraction rate, hydrocarbon composition, wax precipitation characteristics, conductivity, and centrifugal stability are quantitatively characterized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
April 2025
School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1223, United States.
Postconsumer polyolefins (r-POs) are leading plastic waste contributors today. This study reports, for the first time, the compatibilization of r-POs at a 50 kilogram (kg) scale with a styrene block copolymer compatibilizer in the presence of paraffin waxes as rheology modifiers (RMs). The addition of the rheological modifier (RM) and compatibilizer enhances the melt flow indices (MFIs) and mechanical properties, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF