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This communication deliberates the time-reliant and Darcy-Forchheimer flow of water-based CNTs/gold nanoparticles past a Riga plate. In addition, nonlinear radiation, heat consumption and multiple slip conditions are considered. Entropy generation is computed through various flow parameters. A suitable transformation with symmetry variables is invoked to remodel the governing mathematical flow models into the ODE equations. The homotopy analysis scheme and MATLAB bvp4c method are imposed to solve the reduced ODE equations analytically and numerically. The impact of sundry flow variables on nanofluid velocity, nanofluid temperature, skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, entropy profile and Bejan number are computed and analyzed through graphs and tables. It is found that the nanofluid velocity is reduced by greater porosity and slip factors. The thickness of the thermal boundary layer increases with increasing radiation, temperature ratio, and heat consumption/generation parameters. The surface drag force is reduced when there is a higher Forchheimer number, unsteadiness parameter and porosity parameter. The amount of entropy created is proportional to the radiation parameter, porosity parameter and Reynolds number. The Bejan number profile increases with radiation parameter, heat consumption/generation parameter and the Forchheimer number.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010076 | DOI Listing |
Lab Chip
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
The ever-increasing global demand for low-carbon energy underscores the urgency of water energy harvesting. Despite intensive progress, achieving continuous and efficient water energy harvesting-particularly from abundant, distributed, and low-frequency water flows such as rain, streams, and rivers-remains a critical challenge. Herein, inspired by the classical waterwheel that spatially decouples the gravitational force of flowing water into orthogonal directions for continuous rotation, we report a hybrid, rotatable flowing water-based energy generator (R-FEG) capable of continuous and efficient water energy harvesting at both low and high frequencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310030, China.
Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) have emerged as one of the most promising electrochemical technologies for large-scale energy storage due to their use of water-based electrolytes, offering safety and cost advantages over organic solvent-based systems. AORFBs utilize organic molecules derived from earth-abundant elements, enabling tunable properties such as solubility, stability, and redox potential at the molecular level. These features enable improvements in energy and power densities, operational lifetimes, and efficiency metrics in the battery system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kayet Bey, Elanfoushy, Alexandria, Egypt.
Acid Brown 14 (AB14) and Acid Yellow 36 (AY36) are synthetic azo dyes extensively utilized in numerous industries, resulting in detrimental environmental consequences. This study aims to manufacture self-nitrogen-doped porous activated carbon (AC7-800) and investigate its effectiveness in removing the AB14 and AY36 dyes from water solutions. The AC7-800 was created by combining fish waste (with a protein composition of 60% as a nitrogen source), which served as a self-nitrogen dopant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Robot AI
July 2025
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Subterranean exploration in submerged granular media (GM) presents significant challenges for robotic systems due to high drag forces and the complex physics of GM. This paper introduces a robotic system that combines water-jet-based fluidization for self-burrowing in submerged environments and an untethered, volume-change mechanism for burrowing out. The water-based fluidization approach significantly reduces drag on the robot, allowing it to burrow into GM with minimal force.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
July 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK; Centre of Excellence in Water-Based Early-Warning Systems for Health Protection, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK; Institute of Sustainability and Climate Change, University of Bath, Claverton Down,
The movement of biological (genetic viral, fungal or bacterial) and chemical indicators (BCIs) within sewer networks is critical to wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) enabling accurate calculation of chemical and pathogen loads within a community. These quantified BCIs, which include genetic material from pathogens as well as pharmaceuticals, from a range of classes, serve as proxies for community-wide health and behaviour patterns. However, a critical knowledge gap exists in understanding how different BCIs move within complex sewer systems, which could lead to misinterpretation of community-level data.
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