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3D doping structure has significant advantages in modulation efficiency and loss compared with 2D modulator doping profiles. However, to the best of our knowledge, previous work on 3D simulation methods for interdigitated doping designs applied simplified models, which prohibited complex 3D doping. In this work, innovative omni junctions, based on the effective 3D Monte-Carlo method, are believed to be the first proposed for high-performance modulators. Simulation results show that the modulation efficiency reaches 0.88 V·cm, while the loss is only 16 dB/cm, with capacitance below 0.42 pF/mm. This work provides a modulator design with superior modulation efficiency and serviceability for high-speed datacom.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.475511 | DOI Listing |
Anim Reprod Sci
September 2025
Department of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (BKV), BKH/Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE-58185, Sweden.
Embryo transfer (ET) is a valuable reproductive technology in pigs, albeit its efficiency remains significantly lower than that of natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), owing to high embryonic death rates. Critical for embryo survival and pregnancy success is the placenta, which supports conceptus development through nutrient exchange, hormone production, and immune modulation. Alterations in placental development and function may therefore underlie the reduced efficiency of ET.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Engineering functional exosomes represents a cutting-edge approach in biomedicine, holding the promise to transform targeted therapy. However, challenges such as achieving consistent modification and scalability have limited their wider adoption. Herein, we introduce a universal and effective strategy for engineering multifunctional exosomes through cell fusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are highly compartmentalized neurons whose long axons serve as the sole connection between the eye and the brain. In both injury and disease, RGC degeneration occurs in a similarly compartmentalized manner, with distinct molecular and cellular responses in the axonal and somatodendritic regions. The goal of this study was to establish a microfluidic-based platform to investigate RGC compartmentalization in both health and disease states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
September 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices, School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
Achieving UVA/B-selective, skin-inspired nociceptors with perception and blockade functions at the single-unit device level remains challenging. This is because the device necessitates distinct components for every performance metric, thereby leading to complex preparation processes and restricted performance, as well as the absence of deep UV (UVB and below)-selective semiconductors. Here, to address this, we develop a structure-simplification skin-inspired nociceptor using a reverse type-II CuAgSbI/MoS heterostructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTree Physiol
September 2025
Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants Group, Margarita Salas Center of Biological Research, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is an in vitro mass propagation system widely employed in plant breeding programs. However, its efficiency in many forest species remains limited due to their recalcitrance. SE relies on the induction of somatic cell reprogramming into embryogenic pathways, a process influenced by transcriptomic changes regulated, among other factors, by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone methylation, and histone acetylation.
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