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Objectives: We evaluated changes in priority indicators of child growth from 2006 to 2021 and examined the role of human development measures in these changes.
Methods: We estimated cumulative and annualized changes in state- and district-level child growth indicators using 3 rounds of National Family Health Surveys (2005-2006, 2015-2016, 2019-2021) in 36 states. Outcomes included stunting, underweight, wasting, and overweight. Human development was measured using a principal components analysis of 9 ecological indicators. We contrasted expected versus observed changes in district-level growth outcomes between 2016 and 2021 based on changes in development indicators using 2-way Blinder Oaxaca decomposition.
Results: From 2006 to 2021, the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting decreased by 12.3, 10.3, and 0.7 percentage points, respectively, while the prevalence of overweight increased by 1.9 percentage points. The annualized rate of within-state change for stunting was lower from 2016 to 2021 compared with the 2006 to 2016 period, while the rate of change in overweight was higher. Simultaneously, all 9 human development indicators improved between 2006 and 2021. A unit increase between 2016 and 2021 in the human development score predicted a -5.1 percentage point (95% confidence interval=-5.8, -4.4) change in stunting, yet observed stunting declined by just -2.5 percentage points.
Conclusions: From 2016 to 2021, population-level reduction in child stunting has slowed and the rise in child overweight has accelerated, relative to the 10 years preceding this period.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00569 | DOI Listing |
Ann Surg Oncol
September 2025
Department of Surgery,Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: This study analyzed a large national cohort to compare treatment strategies and survival outcomes in metaplastic breast cancer (MtBC), a rare and aggressive subtype with poor treatment response.
Patients And Methods: Adult female patients with MtBC diagnosed between 2006 and 2021 were identified from the National Cancer Database and grouped by chemotherapy sequence (neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant) to evaluate clinical characteristics and survival outcomes.
Brain Commun
August 2025
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Understanding the cognitive trajectory of a neurological disease can provide important insight on underlying mechanisms and disease progression. Cognitive impairment is now well established as beginning many years before the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, but pre-diagnostic profiles are unclear for other neurological conditions that may be associated with cognitive impairment. We analysed data from the prospective UK Biobank cohort with study baseline assessment performed between 2006 and 2010 and participants followed until 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCornea
September 2025
Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India; and.
Purpose: To evaluate the long-term visual, functional outcomes, and complications associated with Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) in pediatric keratoconus (KC).
Methods: A retrospective analysis of children aged ≤18 years who underwent DALK for KC between February 2006 and April 2021. Data on preoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal topography, surgical technique, and complications.
Osteoporos Int
September 2025
Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Unlabelled: We examined characteristics of patients in Ontario, Canada, initiating publicly funded zoledronic acid for osteoporosis from 2006 to 2021. Most patients had prior osteoporosis treatments, with those previously using oral bisphosphonates more likely to receive a second dose. Understanding treatment decisions and patient beliefs is key for future research.
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