ARL13B-Cerulean rescues Arl13b-null mouse from embryonic lethality and reveals a role for ARL13B in spermatogenesis.

ARL13B is a regulatory GTPase enriched in cilia, making it a popular marker for this organelle. Arl13bhnn/hnn mice lack ARL13B expression, die during midgestation, and exhibit defects in ciliogenesis. The R26Arl13b-Fucci2aR biosensor mouse line directs the expression of fluorescently tagged full-length Arl13b cDNA upon Cre recombination.

The impact of opioid use associated with curative-intent cancer surgery on safe opioid prescribing practice among veterans: An observational study.

Background: Opioid exposure during cancer therapy may increase long-term unsafe opioid prescribing. This study sought to determine the rates of coprescription of benzodiazepine and opioid medications and new persistent opioid use after surgical treatment of early-stage cancer.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among a US veteran population via the Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse database.

Moyamoya Syndrome in Patients With Down Syndrome and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is a chronic vasculopathy characterized by progressive stenosis of intracerebral arteries, leading to an increased risk of stroke. Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at an increased risk of co-occurring medical conditions, including MMS and leukemia. We report four patients with the triad of DS, MMS, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Perception of scholarly collaboration and its influencing factors among doctoral-prepared and -preparing nurses: A regional nursing society-based survey.

Background: Nurses with research- and practice-focused doctorate degrees complement each other's work and contribute to the advancement of nursing profession. Understanding perceived scholarly collaboration and its influencing factors can facilitate effective teamwork, benefit the nursing profession, and improve patient outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the perceived scholarly collaboration and its influencing factors among nurses with or pursing doctoral degrees.

Influence of underrepresented leaders on recruiting and retaining underrepresented faculty and students in nursing programs.

The U.S. population is undergoing a considerable transformation as individuals become substantially older and more racially and ethnically diverse.

A dynamic spatiotemporal representation framework for deciphering personal brain function.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) opens a window on observing spontaneous activities of the human brain in vivo. However, the high complexity of fMRI signals makes brain functional representations intractable. Here, we introduce a state decomposition method to reduce this complexity and decipher individual brain functions at multiple levels.

Comparison of obstetric outcomes between single and double embryo transfers among singleton live births from vitrified donor oocyte IVF cycles: a cohort study.

Research Objective: Among singleton live births resulting from donor oocyte cycles, do perinatal outcomes differ between single (SET) and double embryo transfers (DET)?

Methods: We utilized a retrospective cohort of 610 recipients who had a singleton livebirth following nonidentified vitrified donor oocyte IVF cycle from a fertility clinic in the southeast US, 2008-2016. Perinatal outcomes included gestational age and birth weight. Preterm birth was defined as <37 weeks and low birth weight was defined as <2500 grams.

Involvement of the right lentiform nucleus is an independent predictor of poor outcomes in large vessel occlusion strokes with small infarct volumes.

Background: Final infarct volume (FIV) is a strong predictor of stroke outcomes. Although smaller FIV are associated with better outcomes, many patients fail to achieve functional independence. We aimed to identify poor outcome predictors in patients with anterior large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and had small FIV.

Consortium profile: the methylation, imaging and NeuroDevelopment (MIND) consortium.

Epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, show potential as biological markers and mechanisms underlying gene-environment interplay in the prediction of mental health and other brain-based phenotypes. However, little is known about how peripheral epigenetic patterns relate to individual differences in the brain itself. An increasingly popular approach to address this is by combining epigenetic and neuroimaging data; yet, research in this area is almost entirely comprised of cross-sectional studies in adults.

Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances: Association with child behavior in the environmental influences on child health outcomes (ECHO) Cohort.

Background: Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may adversely impact child neurodevelopment; however, epidemiologic findings remain inconclusive because of small sample sizes, limited exposure variability, and differing neurodevelopmental measures. We aimed to investigate the relationship between prenatal PFAS exposure and child behavior.

Methods: We pooled data from nine study sites in the nationwide Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort.

If you build it, they will come - Implementation of a prehospital whole blood program.

Introduction: We sought to develop, implement and evaluate an urban prehospital whole blood (PH-WB) program.

Methods: Using retrospective heat map data, Quick Response Vehicles (QRVs) carrying PH-WB were strategically placed throughout the city and dispatched using dynamic deployment. Patient inclusion criteria were age ≥15 years, traumatic mechanism, and SBP ≤90 ​mmHg.

---Pars plana vitrectomy in congenital X-linked retinoschisis: a scoping review.

Purpose: Congenital X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) has limited treatment options. Gene augmentation via pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and subretinal RS1 gene delivery is promising, yet it is unclear how PPV may impact outcomes. We explored literature to better understand PPV outcomes in XLRS.

Outcomes Following Robotic Surgery for Complicated and Uncomplicated Diverticulitis.

BackgroundLaparoscopic colectomy is standard for uncomplicated diverticulitis (UD) but has higher conversion and morbidity rates in complicated diverticulitis (CD). Robotic colectomy (RC) is increasingly used for both UD and CD. This study compared outcomes of RC for CD and UD and evaluated factors contributing to adverse outcomes.

Cardiovascular Death and Access to Health Care Among Individuals Incarcerated in US State Prisons From 2001 to 2019.

Background: Incarcerated individuals have a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular risk factors. However, there is a paucity of data focusing on cardiovascular death and access to adequate health care among incarcerated individuals.

Methods: We used the Mortality in Correctional Institutions database from the US Bureau of Justice Statistics to examine cardiovascular deaths in all state prisons from 2001 to 2019, health care provision, as well as differences in these measures between racial and ethnic groups.

Coronary embolisation of a left ventricular fibroelastoma mimicking a thrombus and triggering Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

We describe a case of a woman in her 70s who presented with acute chest pain and ST-segment elevation on ECG. Multimodality cardiac imaging confirmed Takotsubo cardiomyopathy alongside a pedunculated left ventricular mass, presumed to be a thrombus, with suspected embolisation to the left anterior descending artery, triggering an acute myocardial infarction. She received guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure and anticoagulation for the thrombus.

Vascular Roads to a Healthier Brain: Lutein Moderates the Influence of Arterial Stiffness on Cognitive Function.

Background: Arterial stiffness, assessed via carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), is a marker of vascular aging that may contribute to cognitive decline. Serum carotenoids, with antioxidant properties, may mitigate these effects, but their role in moderating neurovascular-cognitive relationships remains unclear.

Objective: This study examined: (1) associations between cfPWV and executive function, (2) the contribution of serum carotenoids in predicting cfPWV, and (3) whether carotenoids moderate the relationship between cfPWV and executive function.

Diverse social environments and 10-year all-cause mortality in a cohort of historically excluded racial/ethnic older adults: A latent class analysis of social integration.

Purpose: The association between social integration and mortality in older adults from historically excluded groups may not align with the patterns observed in predominately white samples. We modeled latent groups of social integration and their association with 10-year all-cause mortality in a cohort of older adults from historically excluded racial/ethnic groups.

Methods: In a sub-sample of a national cohort study of older adults, we used latent class analysis to model social integration using ten item indicators spanning couple status, network characteristics, and neighborhood and community connections.

Palliative Care Consultation and End-of-Life Care Among Patients With Esophageal Cancer and Inpatient Mortality.

Purpose: Palliative care (PC) is an important facet of treatment for patients with advanced esophageal cancer because of symptom burden, low overall 5-year survival rate, and significant impact on quality of life. This patient population experiences high hospitalization burden. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of PC on end-of-life (EoL) hospitalizations and evaluate racial differences in EoL care.

Progesterone for Traumatic Brain Injury, Experimental Clinical Treatment III Trial Revisited: Objective Classification of Traumatic Brain Injury With Brain Imaging Segmentation and Biomarker Levels.

Objective: This post hoc study of the Progesterone for Traumatic Brain Injury, Experimental Clinical Treatment (ProTECT) III trial investigates whether improving traumatic brain injury (TBI) classification, using serum biomarkers (glial fibrillary acidic protein [GFAP] and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 [UCH-L1]) and algorithmically assessed total lesion volume, could identify a subset of responders to progesterone treatment, beyond broad measures like the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E), which may fail to capture subtle changes in TBI recovery.

Design: Brain lesion volumes on CT scans were quantified using Brain Lesion Analysis and Segmentation Tool for CT. Patients were classified into true-positive and true-negative groups based on an optimization scheme to determine a threshold that maximizes agreement between radiological assessment and objectively measured lesion volume.

Synaptic imbalance and increased inhibition impair motor function in SMA.

Movement is executed through balanced excitation-inhibition in spinal motor circuits. Short-term perturbations in one type of neurotransmission are homeostatically counteracted by the opposing type, but prolonged excitation-inhibition imbalance causes dysfunction at both single neuron and circuit levels. However, whether dysfunction in one or both types of neurotransmission leads to pathogenicity in neurodegenerative diseases characterized by select synaptic deficits is not known.

Community deployment of metofluthrin emanators to control indoor Aedes aegypti: Efficacy results from a crossover trial in Yucatan, Mexico.

Background: Spatial emanators (SE) are innovative tools for controlling indoor Aedes aegypti due to their relatively easy use and high efficacy. Large-scale implementation challenges include community adoption, particularly ensuring proper installation and timely replacement as SE efficacy wanes.

Methodology And Principal Findings: We conducted a three-arm, open-label entomological cluster randomized controlled trial with a crossover design, involving 588 households, to assess the entomological effect of the community use of metofluthrin emanators.