98%
921
2 minutes
20
The signaling adaptor MAVS is a critical determinant in retinoic acid-inducible gene 1-like receptor signaling, and its activation is tightly controlled by multiple mechanisms in response to viral infection, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination. In this article, we demonstrate that zebrafish , one of the sirtuin family proteins, negatively regulates mavs-mediated antiviral innate immunity. is induced by spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection and binds to mavs, resulting in attenuating phosphorylation and ubiquitination of mavs. Disruption of in zebrafish promotes survival ratio after challenge with SVCV. Consistently, the antiviral responsive genes are enhanced, and the replication of SVCV is diminished in -dificient zebrafish. Therefore, we reveal a function of zebrafish in the negative regulation of antiviral innate immunity by targeting mavs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2100983 | DOI Listing |
Natl Sci Rev
September 2025
School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
The role of cholesterol metabolism in antiviral immunity has been established, but if and how this cholesterol-mediated immunometabolism can be regulated by specific small molecules is of particular interest in the quest for novel antiviral therapeutics. Here, we first demonstrate that NPC1 is the key cholesterol transporter for suppressing viral replication by changing cholesterol metabolism and triggering the innate immune response via systemic analyses of all possible cholesterol transporters. We then use the Connectivity Map (CMap), a systematic methodology for identifying functional connections between genetic perturbations and drug actions, to screen NPC1 inhibitors, and found that bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BBAs) exhibit high efficacy in the inhibition of viral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2025
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Servicio y Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes with cytotoxic activity against tumors and viruses. The pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the investigation of their role in disease severity. However, their functional status and modulators remain controversial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Physiol Biochem
September 2025
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Background/aims: The ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 and its covalent conjugation to substrates (ISGylation) represent a critical interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral mechanism. USP18 is an ISG15-specific isopeptidase and a key negative regulator of type I IFN signaling. While inactivation of USP18's catalytic activity enhances ISGylation and promotes viral resistance, its role in modulating inflammation and cardiac function during CVB3-induced myocarditis remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Immunol
September 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Virology; Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071,
Upon DNA virus infection, cGAS senses viral DNA and triggers MITA (also called STING)-dependent induction of type I interferons (IFN-Is) and other cytokines/chemokines. IFN-Is further activate STAT1/2 to induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and the innate antiviral response. How the innate antiviral response is silenced in uninfected cells and efficiently mounts upon viral infection is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Reprod
September 2025
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail, Université de Rennes-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France.
Study Question: What is the direct effect of mumps virus (MuV) replication within the human testis on the tissue innate immune responses and testicular cell functions?
Summary Answer: MuV induces an early pro-inflammatory response in the human testis ex vivo and infects both Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, which drastically alters testosterone and inhibin B production.
What Is Known Already: Despite widespread vaccination efforts, orchitis remains a significant complication of MuV infection, especially in young men, which potentially results in infertility in up to 87% of patients with bilateral orchitis. Our understanding of MuV pathogenesis in the human testis has been limited by the lack of relevant animal models, impairing the development of effective treatments.