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Endoscopies are crucial for detecting and diagnosing diseases in gastroenterology, pulmonology, urology, and other fields. To accurately diagnose diseases, sample biopsies are indispensable and are currently considered the gold standard. However, random 4-quadrant biopsies have sampling errors and time delays. To provide intraoperative real-time microscopic images of suspicious lesions, microscopic endoscopy for in vivo optical biopsy has been developed, including endocytoscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy. This article reviews recent advances in technology and clinical applications, as well as their shortcomings and future directions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102826 | DOI Listing |
Oper Neurosurg
September 2025
Department of Neurosurgery and the Training Base of Neuroendoscopic Physicians under the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
Background And Objectives: Microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial spasm (HFS) is commonly conducted under a microscope. We report a large series of fully endoscopic MVDs for HFS and describe our initial experience with 3-dimensional (3D) endoscopy.
Methods: Clinical data of 204 patients with HFS who underwent fully endoscopic MVD using 2-dimensional (2D) and 3D endoscopy (191 and 13 patients, respectively) from July 2017 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.
Cureus
September 2025
Orthopaedics Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT.
Objectives The objective of this study is to report the initial surgical experience, challenges faced, and the preliminary outcomes of our cases. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis of the first 10 patients operated with TELD in our unit was performed. Ethical approval was obtained from the Hospital Review Committee of Hamad Medical Corporation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Focus
September 2025
Objective: The therapy of choice for classical trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is usually microvascular decompression (MVD). Although in most surgical procedures the view with the operating microscope is sufficient to inspect the entire course of the trigeminal nerve from the brainstem to Meckel's cave, anatomical abnormalities may hinder the view. In these conditions, visualization with an endoscope with an angulated view provides additional exposure and may identify a compression that was hidden on microscopic view.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Focus
September 2025
1Department of Neurosurgery, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh.
Objective: Microscopic microvascular decompression (MVD) is an effective, long-lasting treatment for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Endoscopic MVD has shown comparable outcomes while identifying neurovascular compression in up to 28% of cases otherwise missed with the microscope. The extracorporeal telescope (exoscope) represents the newest visualization technique available to neurosurgeons, offering enhanced ergonomics and trainee education.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Clin Pediatr
September 2025
Department of Histopathology, Manipal Hospitals, Kolkata 700029, West Bengal, India.
Background: Eosinophilic gastrointestinal (GI) disease (EGID) beyond eosinophilic esophagitis is not commonly reported in the developing world.
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of EGID in a selected group of pediatric patients suffering from non-functional chronic abdominal pain (CAP).
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on case records of children with CAP.