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Ruthenium (Ru)-based electrocatalysts as platinum (Pt) alternatives in catalyzing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are promising. However, achieving efficient reaction processes on Ru catalysts is still a challenge, especially in alkaline media. Here, the well-dispersed Ru nanoparticles with adjacent Ru single atoms on carbon substrate (Ru -NC) is demonstrated to be a superb electrocatalyst for alkaline HER. The obtained Ru -NC exhibits ultralow overpotential (14.8 mV) and high turnover frequency (1.25 H s at -0.025 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode), much better than the commercial 40 wt.% Pt/C. The analyses reveal that Ru nanoparticles and single sites can promote each other to deliver electrons to the carbon substrate. Eventually, the electronic regulations bring accelerated water dissociation and reduced energy barriers of hydroxide/hydrogen desorption on adjacent Ru sites, then an optimized reaction kinetics for Ru -NC is obtained to achieve superb hydrogen generation in alkaline media. This work provides a new insight into the catalyst design in simultaneous optimizations of the elementary steps to obtain ideal HER performance in alkaline media.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202110604 | DOI Listing |
Appl Biochem Biotechnol
September 2025
Programa de Engenharia Química/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, 21941-972, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Polymer particles, including synthetic polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) (P(S-co-DVB)) beads, have been widely used as enzymatic supports and drug carriers. In this sense, it is important to understand the stabilization or degradation of such polymer matrices under specific chemical and enzymatic media. For this reason, the present work aims to evaluate the current status and prospects of treatments of PMMA and P(S-co-DVB) particles intended for biotechnological and biomedical applications under basic, acidic, and enzymatic environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDalton Trans
September 2025
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia.
Developing efficient, low-cost catalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER) is key to advancing metal-air batteries and regenerative fuel cells. In this study, nitrogen-doped binary metal (Mn and Ni) oxides (N-BMOs) and Pt-decorated N-BMOs were synthesised using three methods and tested as ORR and OER catalysts in alkaline media. Their physicochemical properties were characterised by XRD, N-sorption, TEM, and XPS, while their electrochemical performance was evaluated using voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
September 2025
Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutralization, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu, China.
To expand the application scope of carbon steel, imparting superhydrophobicity to its surface offers an effective strategy to overcome its inherently poor corrosion resistance. However, in marine environments, conventional superhydrophobic coatings often suffer from limited mechanical durability and inadequate long-term corrosion protection. In this study, a durable superhydrophobic bilayer coating composed of PDMS-MWCNTs (top layer) and PDMS (bottom layer) was developed to address these challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiol Res
August 2025
Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Joint Research Unit 1158 BioEcoAgro, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium. Electronic address:
The biocontrol fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum PLBJ-1 produces leucinostatins, a class of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the optimization of culture conditions for leucinostatin production remain unexplored. Previous research showed that PLBJ-1 synthesizes leucinostatins more effectively in hand-made Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB-M) than in commercially available PDB (PDB-C).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
September 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is central to energy devices and sustainable chemical production. While acidic and alkaline ORR systems are well studied, neutral media offer advantages such as biocompatibility, environmental safety, and material stability, yet remain less explored. This mini-review summarizes recent progress in ORR electrocatalysis under neutral conditions, covering both four-electron (4e) and two-electron (2e) pathways.
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