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This study introduced the excellent improvement of enzyme cocktail (lysozyme and protease) on hydrolysis efficiency and the role of reducing carbon emission as an alternative carbon source. The best dosing method after optimization was to add four parts of lysozyme at 0 h and one part of protease at 1 h. The extracellular proteins and polysaccharides increased by 118% and 64% respectively under the optimal dosing mode. Enzyme cocktails reduced more organic matters and extended the distribution of sludge particles in the small particle size part. The enzymatic-treated sludge could reduce 21.09 kg CO/t VSS if utilized to replace methanol for denitrification carbon source. Enzyme cocktails did better in enhancing both solubilization and hydrolysis than single enzymes under the optimal method. This study will provide a more integrated and comprehensive system for enzymatic pretreatment and new insight into the enzymatic pretreatment enhancing hydrolysis and reducing carbon emission.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127006 | DOI Listing |
Med J Aust
September 2025
Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.
Objectives: To assess changes in greenhouse gas emission rates associated with the use of anaesthetic gases (desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane) in Australian health care during 2002-2022, overall and by state or territory and hospital type.
Study Design: Retrospective descriptive analysis of IQVIA anaesthetic gases purchasing data.
Setting: All Australian public and private hospitals, 1 January 2002 - 31 December 2022.
Chem Biol Drug Des
September 2025
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Animal Toxins, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil.
Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by Leishmania parasites, poses a significant health threat globally, particularly in Latin America and Brazil. Leishmania amazonensis is an important species because it is associated with both cutaneous leishmaniasis and an atypical visceral form. Current treatments are hindered by toxicity, resistance, and high cost, driving the need for new therapeutic targets and drugs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein Pept Lett
September 2025
Center for Advanced Therapeutics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus, Nakornpathom 73170, Thailand.
Background: Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins are well known for their insecticidal properties, primarily through the formation of ion-leakage pores via α4-α5 hairpins. His178 in helix 4 of the Cry4Aa mosquito-active toxin has been suggested to play a crucial role in its biotoxicity.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the functional importance of Cry4Aa-His178 through experimental and computational analyses.
Adv Mater
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1H9, Canada.
Polyesters, with their tunable chemical structures and environmental sustainability, have drawn growing attention as solid polymer electrolytes for next-generation solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs). Through a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study involving the systematic variation of carbon chain lengths in the flexible (diol) and coordinating (diacid) segments, along with selective fluorination at distinct positions along the polymer backbone, 18 types of polyester are fabricated and demonstrate that fluorination at the coordinating segment significantly enhances ionic conductivity by suppressing crystallinity. In contrast, fluorination at the flexible segment reduces ionic migration barriers by providing more homogeneous coordinating sites, thereby improving the lithium-ion transference number, despite increasing chain rigidity and a reduction in overall ionic conductivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Physics & Functional Materials of Gansu Province, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Overcoming the persistent challenges of high operating temperatures and poor selectivity in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, this work enhances defect sites in the sensing material through heterostructure construction and builds mesoporous architectures using MOF-derived carbon skeletons as templates. The synergistic effects of multiple mechanisms significantly improve gas-sensing performance, successfully fabricating a ZnO/PCS flexible room-temperature gas sensor with exceptional room-temperature DMF detection capabilities. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon skeletons (PCSs) template shows a stable mesoporous microstructure with large pore volume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF