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The national census is an essential data source to support decision-making in many areas of public interest. However, this data may become outdated during the intercensal period, which can stretch up to several decades. In this study, we develop a Bayesian hierarchical model leveraging recent household surveys and building footprints to produce up-to-date population estimates. We estimate population totals and age and sex breakdowns with associated uncertainty measures within grid cells of approximately 100 m in five provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, a country where the last census was completed in 1984. The model exhibits a very good fit, with an R value of 0.79 for out-of-sample predictions of population totals at the microcensus-cluster level and 1.00 for age and sex proportions at the province level. This work confirms the benefits of combining household surveys and building footprints for high-resolution population estimation in countries with outdated censuses.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8921279 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29094-x | DOI Listing |
J R Soc Interface
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
Hospital operating theatre suites are a particularly resource- and energy-intensive component of the health sector. Reducing their carbon footprint presents a significant challenge due to the necessity of maintaining patient safety. In this paper, we apply a multidisciplinary methodology to investigate and assess various strategies aimed at reducing the carbon footprint in hospital theatres.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Pollut Res Int
September 2025
Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Concrete production significantly contributes to CO emissions and depletion of natural resources, leading to substantial environmental concerns. The integration of polymers into concrete has emerged as a promising innovative solution aimed at overcoming inherent limitations of traditional concrete, including brittleness, susceptibility to tracking, environmental degradation, and substantial ecological impacts. This systematic review thoroughly investigates the properties, sustainability implications, and practical challenges associated with polymer-based concrete (PBC), particularly focusing on polymer concrete composites (PCC) and polymer-modified concrete (PMC) detailing their composition, mechanical behavior, and durability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
This study introduces the HydroTherm-Flow Smart Window (HTF Window), the first groundbreaking integration of thermochromic windows and Fe-Cr redox flow batteries (Fe-Cr RFBs), achieving dual functionalities of dynamic solar modulation-via dual-band (visible + near-infrared, NIR) modulation-and high-efficiency energy storage in a single component. Leveraging tunable hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogels, it enables ultrafast optical switching and autonomous nighttime opacity, overcoming the slow response and privacy limitations of conventional thermochromic systems. By repurposing the window as a compact electrolyte reservoir, it reduces the RFB spatial footprint while enhancing ionic conductivity by 30% via hydrogel "ion highways," achieving 77% energy efficiency with a 40% reduction in the solar heat gain coefficient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2025
Urban Science Laboratory, Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Sustainable development is an imperative worldwide but metrics and data on poverty and quality of life have remained too coarse and abstract to characterize challenges adequately and guide practical progress. Nowhere is this challenge greater than in Africa, where we still know little about the spatial details of development. Here we leverage a comprehensive, high-precision dataset of building footprints to identify infrastructure deficits and infer informal settlements down to the street block level everywhere in sub-Saharan Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
August 2025
CUT Doctoral School, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Contemporary construction faces the need to reduce its negative impact on the environment, prompting designers, investors, and contractors to seek more sustainable materials and technologies. One area of dynamic development is the use of natural fibers as an alternative to conventional, often synthetic, building components. Plant- and animal-based fibers, such as hemp, flax, jute, straw, bamboo, and sheep's wool, are characterized by low energy consumption in production, renewability, and biodegradability.
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