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Cold-rolled EA4T steel was heat-treated by inter-critical holding at 755 °C for 90, 120, 180, and 240 s, respectively, and then quenching in water. The tensile testing results of the EA4T specimens show an evident transition from the discontinuous yielding to the continuous yielding of the steel specimens by prolonging the holding time. A novel relationship between the discontinuous yielding behavior of tensile-deformed steel specimens and the carbide size was proposed based on experimental results and Cottrell's theory. The model may provide a new clue for avoiding discontinuous yielding and improving mechanical properties of metals with static strain aging behaviors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206121 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem Lett
September 2025
Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, and Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
Methylammonium lead chloride perovskite (MAPbCl), with its wide bandgap of ∼3 eV, exhibits unique advantages for near-UV to UV optoelectronic devices. However, the fast crystallization kinetics and significant solubility differences of MAPbCl precursors in solvents cause discontinuous films with high surface defect densities, severely limiting device performance. This study introduces a solution mediated dissolution recrystallization strategy to address the aforementioned issues, namely, employing a CsAc/methanol solution to dynamically reconstruct preformed MAPbCl films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Carbon dioxide (CO) to multicarbon (C) upgrading for commodity chemicals, fuel production, or artificial food synthesis using renewable energy input is a golden target for researchers in sustainable carbon emission reduction. Here, we explore and analyze a flexible modular roadmap for the task, utilizing sequential electro-, photo-, and organocatalysis to develop a strategy for CO conversion using the key and elusive formaldehyde precursor of interest for sugar generation. We study the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction to methanol in a flow cell and its discontinuous photooxidation to formaldehyde (PMOR) with excellent selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
July 2025
Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
An accurate extrinsic calibration between LiDAR and cameras is essential for effective sensor fusion, directly impacting the perception capabilities of autonomous driving systems. Although prior calibration approaches using planar and point features have yielded some success, they suffer from inherent limitations. Specifically, methods that rely on fitting planar contours using depth-discontinuous points are prone to systematic errors, which hinder the precise extraction of the 3D positions of feature points.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Informatics, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Cellular classification is essential for understanding biological processes and disease mechanisms. This paper introduces a novel approach that employs two complementary loss functions within a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework for processing images from the Human Protein Atlas dataset. Our method introduces the "Salivary Gland" loss function (SG-Loss), which addresses missing pixel imputation through a unique computational mechanism that models the graded secretion patterns of acinar cells, incorporating multi-scale contextual information to reconstruct incomplete cellular features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2025
Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh (FCITR), King Abdulaziz University, 21911, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Complex dynamical systems are represented by fuzzy hybrid differential equations (FHDEs), which describe systems that have mixed discrete and continuous behaviours with uncertainty. These equations are indispensable for control engineering, biology, and economic forecasting, as they model real-world phenomena. Nevertheless, it is intrinsically challenging to solve FHDEs because the dynamics, discontinuities, and uncertainties in parameters and conditions are all nonlinear and fuzzy.
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