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Article Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are a serious public-health problem worldwide. In recent years, the rates of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria associated with biofilm-forming activity have increased worrisomely, particularly among healthcare-associated pathogens. is a critically opportunistic pathogen, due to the high rates of antibiotic resistant strains causing healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs). The clinical isolates of can form biofilms on both biotic and abiotic surfaces; hospital settings and medical devices are the ideal environments for biofilms, thereby representing the main source of patient infections. However, the paucity of therapeutic options poses major concerns for human health infections caused by strains. The increasing number of multidrug-resistant biofilm-forming isolates in association with the limited number of biofilm-eradicating treatments intensify the need for effective antibiofilm approaches. This review discusses the mechanisms used by this opportunistic pathogen to form biofilms, describes their clinical impact, and summarizes the current and emerging treatment options available, both to prevent their formation and to disrupt preformed biofilms.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8304980 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071353 | DOI Listing |
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