Repurposing High-Throughput Screening Reveals Unconventional Drugs with Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Potential Against Methicillin-Resistant from a Cystic Fibrosis Patient.

Antibiotic therapy faces challenges from rising acquired and biofilm-related antibiotic resistance rates. High resistance levels to commonly used antibiotics have been observed in methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, indicating an urgent need for new antibacterial agents. This study aimed to identify potential novel therapeutics with antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against an MRSA CF strain by screening, for the first time, the Drug Repurposing Compound Library (MedChem Express).

Acinetobacter baumannii OmpA-like porins: functional characterization of bacterial physiology, antibiotic-resistance, and virulence.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. The high rates of antibiotic-resistance acquisition make most antibiotics ineffective. Thus, new medical countermeasures are urgently needed.

Impact of Growth Conditions on High-Throughput Identification of Repurposing Drugs for Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infections.

lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients represent a therapeutic challenge due to antibiotic resistance. Repurposing existing drugs is a promising approach for identifying new antimicrobials. A crucial factor in successful drug repurposing is using assay conditions that mirror the site of infection.

Cell-free supernatants from Lactobacillus strains exert antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa from cystic fibrosis patients.

Chronic lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa play a significant role in the mortality and morbidity of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The widespread bacterial resistance to conventional antimicrobials demands identifying new strategies to complement or replace current antibiotic therapies. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence properties of cell-free supernatants (CFS) from several Lactobacillus probiotic strains against P.

Development of Quinazolinone Derivatives as Modulators of Virulence Factors of Cystic Fibrosis Strains.

(PA), one of the ESKAPE pathogens, is an opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium responsible for nosocomial infections in humans but also for infections in patients affected by AIDS, cancer, or cystic fibrosis (CF). Treatment of PA infections in CF patients is a global healthcare problem due to the ability of PA to gain antibiotic tolerance through biofilm formation. Anti-virulence compounds represent a promising approach as adjuvant therapy, which could reduce or eliminate the pathogenicity of PA without impacting its growth.

Repurposing High-Throughput Screening Identifies Unconventional Drugs with Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa under Experimental Conditions Relevant to Cystic Fibrosis.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen infecting cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs, causing acute and chronic infections. Intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance allow P. aeruginosa to colonize and persist despite antibiotic treatment, making new therapeutic approaches necessary.

Biofilm formation under food-relevant conditions and sanitizers' tolerance of a Pseudomonas fluorescens group strain.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the biofilm-forming ability of a strain belonging to the Pseudomonas fluorescens group isolated from the dairy environment under food-relevant conditions. Moreover, the effects of commercial sanitizers against preformed biofilms were assessed both in terms of viability and structure.

Methods And Results: The biofilms were formed on polystyrene, stainless steel (SS), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in a wide range of temperatures (4-25°C) and were subjected to the action of 10 different sanitizers.

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Protein Patterns of in Biofilm and Planktonic Lifestyles.

is a clinically relevant bacterial pathogen, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Despite the well-known ability to form biofilms inherently resistant to antibiotics and host immunity, many aspects involved in biofilm formation are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a proteomic approach was used to elucidate the differential protein expression patterns observed during the planktonic-to-biofilm transition of Sm126, a strong biofilm producer causing chronic infection in a CF patient, to identify determinants potentially associated with biofilm formation.

Giving Drugs a Second Chance: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Ciclopirox and Ribavirin against Cystic Fibrosis Strains.

Drug repurposing is an attractive strategy for developing new antibacterial molecules. Herein, we evaluated the in vitro antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence activities of eight FDA-approved "non-antibiotic" drugs, comparatively to tobramycin, against selected strains from cystic fibrosis patients. MIC and MBC values were measured by broth microdilution method.

Bioactive compounds: a goldmine for defining new strategies against pathogenic bacterial biofilms?

Most human infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms growing as biofilms. These three-dimensional self-organized communities are embedded in a dense matrix allowing microorganisms to persistently inhabit abiotic and biotic surfaces due to increased resistance to both antibiotics and effectors of the immune system. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to control biofilm-associated infections.

Repurposing the Veterinary Antibiotic Apramycin for Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity Against From Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antivirulence activities of apramycin, comparatively to tobramycin, against a set of from chronically infected cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Methods: The activity of antibiotics against planktonic cells was assessed by performing MIC, MBC, and time-kill assays. The activity against mature biofilms was evaluated, in a microtiter plate, both in terms of dispersion (crystal violet assay) and residual viability (viable cell count).

Microbiological Laboratory Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis: An Overview.

spp. are Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, slow-growing, facultative intracellular bacteria causing brucellosis. Brucellosis is an endemic of specific geographic areas and, although underreported, represents the most common zoonotic infection, with an annual global incidence of 500,000 cases among humans.

Gram-Negative Bacteria Holding Together in a Biofilm: The Way.

Bacterial biofilms are a serious public-health problem worldwide. In recent years, the rates of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria associated with biofilm-forming activity have increased worrisomely, particularly among healthcare-associated pathogens. is a critically opportunistic pathogen, due to the high rates of antibiotic resistant strains causing healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs).

In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Biofilm-Growing Bacteria: Current and Emerging Methods.

The antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial pathogens is typically determined based on planktonic cells, as recommended by several international guidelines. However, most of chronic infections - such as those established in wounds, cystic fibrosis lung, and onto indwelling devices - are associated to the formation of biofilms, communities of clustered bacteria attached onto a surface, abiotic or biotic, and embedded in an extracellular matrix produced by the bacteria and complexed with molecules from the host. Sessile microorganisms show significantly increased tolerance/resistance to antibiotics compared with planktonic counterparts.

In Vitro Newly Isolated Environmental Phage Activity against Biofilms Preformed by from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

As disease worsens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), (PA) colonizes the lungs, causing pulmonary failure and mortality. Progressively, PA forms typical biofilms, and antibiotic treatments determine multidrug-resistant (MDR) PA strains. To advance new therapies against MDR PA, research has reappraised bacteriophages (phages), viruses naturally infecting bacteria.

Biofilm Formation among Isolates Has Clinical Relevance: The ANSELM Prospective Multicenter Study.

The ability to form biofilms is a recognized trait of , but the extent of its clinical relevance is still unclear. The present multicenter prospective study (ANSELM) aims at investigating the association between biofilm formation and clinical outcomes of infections. One hundred and nine isolates were collected from various geographical origins and stratified according to their clinical relevance.

Olive Pâté by Multi-Phase Decanter as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds of Both Nutraceutical and Anticancer Effects.

In the oil sector, a novelty in the centrifugal extraction system is represented by the multi-phase decanters (DMF) that work without adding process water and with the advantage of recovering a dried pomace and a by-product, called "pâté", consisting of the pulp and its vegetation water, without traces of stone. The pâté has a high content of phenolic compounds, mainly represented by secoiridoids and verbascoside. The present work investigated the efficacy of two different ways of debittering (by sequential filtrations and spontaneous fermentation) of DMF pâté from three olive cultivars ( L.

Rapid Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Directly from Blood for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections: A Mini-Review.

represents a major human pathogen able to cause a number of infections, especially bloodstream infections (BSI). Clinical use of methicillin has led to the emergence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and MRSA-BSI have been reported to be associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical diagnosis of BSI is based on the results from blood culture that, although considered the gold standard method, is time-consuming.

Ambient air pollution and respiratory bacterial infections, a troubling association: epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and future challenges.

The World Health Organization attributed more than four million premature deaths to ambient air pollution in 2016. Numerous epidemiologic studies demonstrate that acute respiratory tract infections and exacerbations of pre-existing chronic airway diseases can result from exposure to ambient (outdoor) air pollution. In this context, the atmosphere contains both chemical and microbial pollutants (bioaerosols), whose impact on human health remains unclear.

The Anti-Microbial Peptide (Lin-SB056-1)-K Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Release through Interaction with Lipopolysaccharide.

The ability of many anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) to modulate the host immune response has highlighted their possible therapeutic use to reduce uncontrolled inflammation during chronic infections. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory potential of the semi-synthetic peptide lin-SB056-1 and its dendrimeric derivative (lin-SB056-1)-K, which were previously found to have anti-microbial activity against in in vivo-like models mimicking the challenging environment of chronically infected lungs (i.e.

Clonal Diversity, Biofilm Formation, and Antimicrobial Resistance among Strains from Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

The intrinsic antibiotic resistance of , along with its ability to form biofilm both on abiotic surfaces and host tissues, dramatically affects the efficacy of the antibiotic therapy. In this work, 85 strains isolated in several hospital of central Italy and from several clinical settings were evaluated for their genetic relatedness (by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, PFGE), biofilm formation (by microtiter plate assay), and planktonic antibiotic resistance (by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique). The population showed a high genetic heterogeneity: 64 different PFGE types were identified, equally distributed in cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF strains, and some consisted of multiple strains.

Growth Control of Adherent-Invasive (AIEC) by the Predator Bacteria : A New Therapeutic Approach for Crohn's Disease Patients.

In Crohn's disease (CD) patients, intestinal dysbiosis with an overgrowth of Proteobacteria, mainly , has been reported. A new pathotype of , the adherent-invasive strain (AIEC), has been isolated from the mucosae of CD patients. AIEC strains play an important role in CD pathogenesis, increasing intestinal mucosa damage and inflammation.

Identification of CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-27 in Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Three Rivers Running in Central Italy.

The main goal of this study was to identify Gram-negative bacteria resistant to antibiotics, in particular β-lactams, in stream waters and effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants draining into Fino, Tavo, and Saline rivers of the Abruzzo region, Italy. Eight sampling sites were selected because they were the most contaminated by coliforms during previous sampling campaign. One sample for each site was collected for the detection of total and fecal coliforms, and species by Colilert-18 and Enterolert-E Quanti-Tray/2000.