Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
The aim of this study was to quantify, via Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on brain metabolites and characterize any possible associations between changes in metabolites, age, blood biomarkers of neuronal damage, functional connectivity and cognitive performance. As cART has dramatically increased the life expectancy of HIV-infected (HIV + ) individuals and unmasked an increase in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders, it is still not clear whether cART neurotoxicity contributes to these disorders. We hypothesized a bimodal effect, with early cART treatment of HIV infection decreasing inflammation as measured by MRS metabolites and improving cognitive performance, and chronic exposure to cART contributing to persistence of cognitive impairment via its effect on mitochondrial function. Basal ganglia metabolites, functional connectivity, cognitive scores, as well as plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) and tau protein were measured before and after 12 weeks, 1 year and 2 years of cART in a cohort of 50 cART-naïve HIV + subjects and 72 age matched HIV- healthy controls. Glutamate (Glu) levels were lower in the cART naïve patients than in healthy controls and were inversely correlated with plasma levels of NfL. There were no other significant metabolite differences between HIV + and uninfected individuals. Treatment improved Glu levels in HIV+, however, no associations were found between Glu, functional connectivity and cognitive performance. Stable brain metabolites and plasma levels of NfL and Tau over two-years of follow-ups suggest there are no signs of cART neurotoxicity in this relatively young cohort of HIV + individuals.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8144469 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102693 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Impact of Childhood Neighborhood Deprivation on White Matter and Functional Connectivity During Adolescence.
J Neuroimaging
September 2025
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Background And Purpose: Socioeconomic determinants of health impact childhood development and adult health outcomes. One key aspect is the physical environment and neighborhood where children live and grow. Emerging evidence suggests that neighborhood deprivation, often measured by the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), may influence neurodevelopment, but longitudinal and multimodal neuroimaging analyses remain limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGratitude increases the sharing willingness to micro-charity information: An fNIRS study.
Behav Brain Res
September 2025
School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China, 321004; College of Economics and Management, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China, 321004. Electronic address:
Micro-charity, with its ease of dissemination, is an effective way to support public welfare. Gratitude has been shown to promote prosocial behavior. However, its specific role in driving micro-charity sharing, particularly the underlying neural correlates, remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA dynamic spatiotemporal representation framework for deciphering personal brain function.
Neuroimage
September 2025
The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China; Brain-Computer Interface & Brain-Inspired Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) opens a window on observing spontaneous activities of the human brain in vivo. However, the high complexity of fMRI signals makes brain functional representations intractable. Here, we introduce a state decomposition method to reduce this complexity and decipher individual brain functions at multiple levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltered Dynamic Network Stability in Remitted Late Life Depression Associated with Depression Recurrence.
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
September 2025
University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry. Electronic address:
Background: Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with negative outcomes including high rates of recurrence and cognitive decline. However, the neurobiological changes influencing such outcomes in LLD are not well understood. Disequilibrium in large-scale brain networks may contribute to LLD-related cognitive decline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDistinct neural processing underlying visual face and object perception in dyslexia.
Neuropsychologia
September 2025
Icelandic Vision Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Iceland, Saemundargata 2, 102, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Developmental dyslexia is a disorder marked by difficulties in reading, spelling, and connecting sounds to written language. The high-level visual dysfunction hypothesis suggests these difficulties may partially arise from abnormalities in high-level visual cognition such as the ability to integrate visual input for higher-order cognitive functions such as reading. Here we examined adult (mean age = 35) dyslexic readers' neural functioning as they recognized identities of nonlinguistic visual objects, specifically houses and faces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF