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Band structure theory plays an essential role in exploring physics in both solid-state systems and photonics. Here, we demonstrate a direct experimental measurement of the dynamic band structure in a synthetic space including the frequency axis of light, realized in a ring resonator under near-resonant dynamic modulation. This synthetic lattice exhibits the physical picture of the evolution of the wave vector reciprocal to the frequency axis in the band structure, analogous to a one-dimensional lattice under an external force. We experimentally measure the trajectories of the dynamic band structure by selectively exciting the band with a continuous wave source with its frequency scanning across the entire energy regime of the band. Our results not only provide a new perspective for exploring the dynamics in fundamental physics of solid-state and photonic systems with the concept of the synthetic dimension but also enable great capability in band structure engineering in photonics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe4335 | DOI Listing |
Spinal Cord Ser Cases
September 2025
Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Study Design: Concurrent mixed methods case series.
Objectives: To examine the feasibility and effect of a peer-facilitated, remote handcycling sport program on physical, psychological, and social health of individuals with spinal cord injury or disease (SCI/D) aged ≥50 years.
Setting: Participants' homes.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
In this study, we analyze InO thin-film transistors (InO-TFT) using synchrotron-based hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) in conditions. A bottom-gate InO-TFT with a high- AlO gate dielectric, grown on thermally oxidized silicon (SiO/p-Si), was examined while operating at varying and . The results reveal that the In 3d core level binding energy varies along the horizontal channel length, driven by the potential gradient induced by .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. Electronic address:
Lignin, a negatively charged, three-dimensional natural biopolymer, serves as an ideal support for metal catalysts due to its abundant functional groups and tunable chemical properties, which enable strong metal coordination and effective immobilization. Herein, we demonstrate a lignin-mediated Co/O co-doped AgS, symbolized as L-AgCoOS, bimetal oxysulfide catalyst via a facile hydrolysis method for the efficient reduction of toxic phenolic compounds (4-nitrophenol, 4-NP), organic dyes (methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and heavy metal ions Cr(VI)) under dark conditions. Lignin, used to immobilize catalysts, also contributes to increasing the number of active catalytic sites and enhancing catalytic activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Eng
September 2025
Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70, Eindhoven, 5612 AP, NETHERLANDS.
Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) has recently emerged as a non-invasive neuromodulation method aimed at reaching deeper brain regions than conventional techniques. However, many questions about its effects remain, requiring further experimental studies. This review consolidates the experimental literature on tTIS's effects in the human brain, clarifies existing evidence, identifies knowledge gaps, and proposes future research directions to evaluate its potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
WPI, International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Mitsui Chemicals, Inc -.Carbon Neutral Research Center (MCI-CNRC), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan. Electronic address:
This study explores highly active nitride-based g-CN/CuO photocatalysts for CO photoconversion by synthesizing them through high-pressure torsion (HPT) straining. Data indicate that increasing the applied strain under high pressure promotes vacancy formation and improves the electronic interaction at the g-CN/CuO interphases, enabling superior charge separation and extended light absorption. The generation of dual vacancies of oxygen and nitrogen is verified by electron paramagnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic methods, and the generation of a type-II heterojunction is confirmed by band structure analysis.
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