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Purpose: Removal of clipped nodes can improve sentinel node biopsy accuracy in breast cancer patients post neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). However, the current methods of clipped node localization have limitations. We evaluated the feasibility of a novel clipped node localization and removal technique by preoperative skin marking of clipped nodes and removal by the Skin Mark clipped Axillary nodes Removal Technique (SMART), with the secondary aim of assessing the ultrasound visibility of the various clips in the axillary nodes after NACT.
Methods: Invasive breast cancer patients with histologically metastatic axillary nodes, going for NACT, and ≤3 sonographically abnormal axillary nodes were recruited. All abnormal nodes had clips inserted. Patients with M1 disease were excluded. Post-NACT, patients underwent SMART and axillary lymph node dissection. Specimen radiography and pathological analyses were performed to confirm the clipped node presence. Success, complication rates of SMART, and ultrasound visibility of the various clips were assessed.
Results: Twenty-five clipped nodes in 14 patients underwent SMART without complications. The UltraCor Twirl, hydroMARK, UltraClip Dual Trigger, and UltraClip were removed in 13/13 (100%), 7/9 (77.8%), 1/2 (50.0%), and 0/1 (0%), respectively (P = .0103) with UltraCor Twirl having the best ultrasound visibility and removal rate. Removal of three clipped nodes in the same patient (P = .0010) and deeply seated clipped nodes (P = .0167) were associated with SMART failure.
Conclusion: Skin Mark clipped Axillary nodes Removal Technique is feasible for removing clipped nodes post-NACT, with 100% observed success rate, using the UltraCor Twirl marker in patients with <3 not deeply seated clipped nodes. Larger studies are needed for validation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.2848 | DOI Listing |
Eur J Breast Health
September 2025
Department of Pathology, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Objective: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a key procedure for evaluating axillary lymph node status in early breast cancer, offering lower morbidity than axillary lymph node dissection. Intraoperative evaluation (IOE) of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) with methods like frozen section (FS) and imprint cytology (IC) aid in making immediate surgical decisions, although IOE accuracy may vary due to several factors.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved 2,528 patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent SLNB at a single institution from 2012 to 2024.
Nucl Med Commun
September 2025
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Purpose: COVID-19 vaccine-induced reactive axillary lymph nodes (RAL) on fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging can mimic malignant lymphadenopathy, leading to diagnostic errors. Reported RAL prevalence varies widely in the literature, and factors contributing to its development remain poorly understood. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate vaccine-induced RAL observed on FDG PET/CT imaging and consolidate evidence from multiple studies to assess its prevalence, duration, and associations with vaccine-related factors and demographic characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiol Case Rep
November 2025
Department Nuclear Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Derby St, Kingswood, NSW 2747, Australia.
Cosmetic liquid silicone injections can result in silicone-induced inflammation, chronic mastitis, migration to distant locations and lymphadenitis which can result in false positive nodal and distant metastases. This study demonstrates a patient with multifocal FDG-avid right breast malignancy with FDG-avid bilateral axillary, mediastinal and abdominopelvic lymph nodes. She also had extensive FDG-avid foci in the bilateral breasts and subcutaneous gluteal regions secondary to cosmetic silicone administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuant Imaging Med Surg
September 2025
Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: Preoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes is very important in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to explore factors affecting the result of preoperative percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound for sentinel lymph nodes (SLN-CEUS) using Sonovue.
Methods: A total of 176 patients with breast cancer who underwent preoperative SLN-CEUS to trace axillary sentinel lymph nodes were included.
Quant Imaging Med Surg
September 2025
Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: The diagnostic performance of percutaneous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (P-CEUS) in classifying sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer varies. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of P-CEUS in identifying SLNs and to explore the correlation between P-CEUS patterns and pathological characteristics of SLNs.
Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive breast cancer patients who underwent preoperative or axillary surgery between June 2019 and March 2021.