Category Ranking
98%
Total Visits
921
Avg Visit Duration
2 minutes
Citations
20
Article Abstract
The DNA mutagenic enzyme known as APOBEC3G (A3G) plays a critical role in innate immunity to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1 ). A3G is a zinc-dependent enzyme that mutates select deoxycytidines (dC) to deoxyuridine (dU) through deamination within nascent single stranded DNA (ssDNA) during HIV reverse transcription. This activity requires that the enzyme be delivered to viral replication complexes by redistributing from the cytoplasm of infected cells to budding virions through what appears to be an RNA-dependent process. Once inside infected cells, A3G must bind to nascent ssDNA reverse transcripts for dC to dU base modification gene editing. In this chapter we will discuss data indicating that ssDNA deaminase activity of A3G is regulated by RNA binding to A3G and ribonucleoprotein complex formation along with evidence suggesting that RNA-selective interactions with A3G are temporally and mechanistically important in this process.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28151-9_6 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
FBXW7 is a multifaceted regulator of the innate immune response to DNA viruses.
Cell Mol Immunol
September 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University; Frontier Science Center for Immunology; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Virology; Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071,
Upon DNA virus infection, cGAS senses viral DNA and triggers MITA (also called STING)-dependent induction of type I interferons (IFN-Is) and other cytokines/chemokines. IFN-Is further activate STAT1/2 to induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and the innate antiviral response. How the innate antiviral response is silenced in uninfected cells and efficiently mounts upon viral infection is not fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStreptococcus pyogenes EVs induce the alternative inflammasome via caspase-4/-5 in human monocytes.
EMBO Rep
September 2025
Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, Berlin, D-10117, Germany.
The sensing of Gram-negative Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) by the innate immune system has been extensively studied in the past decade. In contrast, recognition of Gram-positive EVs by innate immune cells remains poorly understood. Comparative genome-wide transcriptional analysis in human monocytes uncovered that S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMumps virus infection triggers early pro-inflammatory responses and impairs Leydig and Sertoli cell function in an ex vivo human testis model.
Hum Reprod
September 2025
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Santé Publique, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail, Université de Rennes-UMR_S1085, Rennes, France.
Study Question: What is the direct effect of mumps virus (MuV) replication within the human testis on the tissue innate immune responses and testicular cell functions?
Summary Answer: MuV induces an early pro-inflammatory response in the human testis ex vivo and infects both Leydig cells and Sertoli cells, which drastically alters testosterone and inhibin B production.
What Is Known Already: Despite widespread vaccination efforts, orchitis remains a significant complication of MuV infection, especially in young men, which potentially results in infertility in up to 87% of patients with bilateral orchitis. Our understanding of MuV pathogenesis in the human testis has been limited by the lack of relevant animal models, impairing the development of effective treatments.
Functional characterization of Paillotin: an immune peptide regulated by the Immune deficiency (Imd) pathway with pathogen-specific roles in immunity.
Proc Biol Sci
September 2025
School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland.
Insects, such as , rely on innate immune defences to combat microbial threats. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play an important role in limiting pathogen entry and colonization. Despite intensive research into the regulation and biochemical properties of antimicrobial peptides, their exact significance has remained uncertain due to the challenges of mutating small genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlpha-lipoic acid attenuates cardiac inflammation of CVB3 induced viral myocarditis via neutrophil-derived YM-1.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis
September 2025
Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry
Background And Aims: Viral myocarditis is an inflammatory pathology of the myocardium that involves innate immune responses, especially those involving neutrophils. However, strategies targeting neutrophils to alleviate inflammation have not achieved complete success. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), a natural organosulfur compound, has the capacity to modulate immune cell behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF