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Morphine is usually preferred to treat moderate or severe pain for late-stage cancer patients. However, medically unindicated or excessive morphine use may result in respiratory depression and death. This essay contends that a clear distinction between relieving pain and performing active euthanasia in the use of morphine should be made in practice. By drawing on Confucian virtue resources, we construct a Confucian conception of human dignity, including both intrinsic and acquired dignity, to analyze the circumstances of morphine use in current China. We argue that not only the Confucian view of intrinsic dignity but also that of acquired dignity would not support morphine euthanasia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12246 | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
September 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology; The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis, molecular heterogeneity, and therapy resistance. Key biomarkers such as EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and PD-1 have revolutionized precision oncology; however, comprehensive structural and clinical validation of these targets is crucial to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Methods: Protein sequences for EGFR, ALK, KRAS, and PD-1 were retrieved from UniProt and modeled using SWISS-MODEL to generate high-confidence 3D structures.
Immunooncol Technol
September 2025
Division of Tumor Biology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Breast cancer is a systemic disease, yet the impact of tumor molecular subtype and disease stage on the systemic immune landscape remains poorly understood. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the systemic immune landscape in a large cohort of breast cancer patients, encompassing all molecular subtypes and disease stages, alongside a control group of healthy donors.
Materials And Methods: Using multi-parameter flow cytometry, we assessed the abundance, phenotype, and activation status of diverse innate and adaptive immune cell populations across peripheral blood samples from 355 breast cancer patients and 65 healthy donors.
Curr Gene Ther
September 2025
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
Introduction: Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is recognized as a highly aggressive malignancy and is anticipated to become the second leading cause of cancer-associated deaths across the United States by 2030. Owing to its late-stage diagnosis and the substantial risk of metastasis, current therapeutic strategies exhibit limited efficacy, resulting in a five-year survival rate below 10%. Consequently, identifying reliable biomarkers and therapeutic approaches remains imperative for enhancing treatment effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCO Glob Oncol
May 2025
Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Purpose: Breast cancer remains a significant public health challenge globally, as well as in India, where it is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in females. Significant disparities in incidence, mortality, and access to health care across India's sociodemographically diverse population highlight the need for increased awareness, policy reform, and research.
Design: This review consolidates data from national cancer registries, global cancer databases, and institutional findings from a tertiary care center to examine the epidemiology, clinical challenges, and management gaps specific to India.
JCO Glob Oncol
May 2025
Grupo Oncoclínicas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a significant public health burden in developing countries, where access to early diagnosis, comprehensive care, and research infrastructure is limited. This article synthesizes the insights generated during a Fireside Chat convened by members of the Latin American Cooperative Oncology Group (LACOG)-Head and Neck and the Brazilian Group of Head and Neck Cancer (GBCP), with the participation of international expert Professor Hisham Mehanna. The discussion addressed key challenges and opportunities in clinical and translational research within resource-constrained settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF