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Previous genetic fate-mapping studies have indicated that embryonic glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP) cells are multifunctional progenitor/neural stem cells that can produce astrocytes as well as neurons and oligodendrocytes throughout the adult mouse central nervous system (CNS). However, emerging evidence from recent studies indicates that GFAP cells adopt different cell fates and generate different cell types in different regions. Moreover, the fate of GFAP cells in the young adult mouse CNS is not well understood. In the present study, hGFAP-Cre/R26R transgenic mice were used to investigate the lineage of embryonic GFAP cells in the young adult mouse CNS. At postnatal day 21, we found that GFAP cells mainly generated NeuN neurons in the cerebral cortex (both ventral and dorsal), hippocampus, and cerebellum. Strangely, these cells were negative for the Purkinje cell marker calbindin in the cerebellum and the neuronal marker NeuN in the thalamus. Thus, contrary to previous studies, our genetic fate-mapping revealed that the cell fate of embryonic GFAP cells at the young adult stage is significantly different from that at the adult stage.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12264-018-0228-4 | DOI Listing |
Adv Healthc Mater
September 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
3D scaffold architecture is critical for directing human neural stem cell (hNSC) fate and spatial organization. In this study, two-photon lithography (TPL) is used to fabricate microcapillary scaffolds based on the Hilbert space-filling curve as biomimetic basement membrane structures for guiding hippocampal-derived hNSC differentiation. The scaffolds feature 80 µm lumens with porous ellipsoidal membranes suspended above the substrate to provide topographical cues and permit nutrient diffusion while maintaining mechanical stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiology (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Oral Biology, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
The retina is highly sensitive to oxygen and blood supply, and hypoxia plays a key role in retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Müller glial cells, which are essential for retinal homeostasis, respond to injury and hypoxia with reactive gliosis, characterized by the upregulation of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin, cellular hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix changes, which can impair retinal function and repair. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) supports photoreceptors, forms part of the blood-retinal barrier, and protects against oxidative stress; its dysfunction contributes to retinal degenerative diseases such as AMD, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and Stargardt disease (SD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
To analyze the clinical characteristics of 14 patients with severe autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 14 patients diagnosed with severe GFAP-A in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, between July 2023 and September 2024. (1) Fourteen patients were included in the study, including 11 males and 3 females, aged 15-66 years (average: 39±13 years).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Regen Res
September 2025
Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Optic nerve injury leads to axonal degeneration and the death of retinal ganglion cells, which ultimately causes vision loss. Notably, current treatments are limited. In the present study, we explored whether neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1 or ND1) overexpression in retinal Müller cells may repair the retina after optic nerve crush in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflamm Res
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
Background: Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe neurological complication of sepsis, where neuroinflammation plays a critical pathogenic role, leading to cognitive dysfunction. The Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma-1R), a chaperone protein, is implicated in neuroprotection, including the crucial modulation of neuroinflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of the Sigma-1R agonist, PRE-084, in specifically targeting SAE-associated neuroinflammation and its downstream neuropathology.
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