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This article provides a brief review of recent investigations concerning the structure and properties of the tooth. The last decade has brought a greater emphasis on the durability of the tooth, an improved understanding of the fatigue and fracture behavior of the principal tissues, and their importance to tooth failures. The primary contributions to tooth durability are discussed, including the process of placing a restoration, the impact of aging, and challenges posed by the oral environment. The significance of these findings to the dental community and their importance to the pursuit of lifelong oral health are highlighted.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5774624 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cden.2017.05.001 | DOI Listing |
Biol Proced Online
September 2025
Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth System Sciences, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
Background: Organotypic long-term cultivation of vascularized retina explants is a major challenge for application in drug development, drug screening, diagnostics and future personalized medicine. With this background, an assay and protocol for organotypic culture of vascularized retina explants in vitro with optimum tissue integrity preservation is developed and demonstrated.
Methods: Morphological, histologic and biochemical integrity as well as viability of vascularized retina explants are compared as function of cultivation time for differently structured nanotube scaffolds.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
September 2025
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
The defining property of eukaryotic cells is the storage of heritable genetic material in a nuclear compartment. For eukaryotic cells to carry out the myriad biochemical processes necessary for their function, macromolecules must be efficiently exchanged between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nuclear pore complex (NPC) - which is a massive assembly of ~35 different proteins present in multiple copies totalling ~1,000 protein subunits and architecturally conserved across eukaryotes - establishes a size-selective channel for regulated bidirectional transport of folded macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies across the nuclear envelope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Psychiatry
September 2025
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College; and State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China. chenjg@hu
Dysfunction of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV-INs) in the cerebral cortex has been implicated in major depressive disorder. Perineuronal nets (PNNs), which encapsulate PV-INs, are considered to influence the structural and functional properties of PV-INs. Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a secreted protein constituent of PNNs, but the specific roles of Sema3A in modulating PV-INs during stress remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Chem Biol
September 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Many pharmaceutical targets partition into biomolecular condensates, whose microenvironments can significantly influence drug distribution. Nevertheless, it is unclear how drug design principles should adjust for these targets to optimize target engagement. To address this question, we systematically investigated how condensate microenvironments influence drug-targeting efficiency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.
Understanding how molecular aggregation influences nonlinear optical properties is essential for advancing organic fluorophores in imaging, sensing, and photonic applications. However, the relationship between the molecular aggregation and the magnitude of nonlinear two-photon absorption cross-section remains underexplored. Here, we systematically investigate the aggregation-dependent two-photon absorption properties of the fluorophore TPAPhCN by tuning the degree of aggregation.
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