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Microalgal biofuels are not yet economically viable due to high material and energy costs associated with production process. Microalgae cultivation is a water-intensive process compared to other downstream processes for biodiesel production. Various studies found that the production of 1 L of microalgal biodiesel requires approximately 3000 L of water. Water recycling in microalgae cultivation is desirable not only to reduce the water demand, but it also improves the economic feasibility of algal biofuels as due to nutrients and energy savings. This review highlights recently published studies on microalgae water demand and water recycling in microalgae cultivation. Strategies to reduce water footprint for microalgal cultivation, advantages and disadvantages of water recycling, and approaches to mitigate the negative effects of water reuse within the context of water and energy saving are also discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.140 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
September 2025
Civil Engineering Department, Takhar University, Taloqan, Afghanistan.
Rapid sand filtration is typically used at water treatment plants to remove the fine suspended solid particles from the raw water. Backwashing of exhausted filter beds inevitably generates large volume of filtration sludge in water treatment plants. In this study, filtration sludge is collected, dried and crushed to powder, then passed through 90 µm sieve to get powdered filtration sludge (PFS) which is then characterized and utilized without energy intensive process of calcination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
September 2025
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China. Electronic address:
Environmental microplastics (MPs) are challenging to compare due to non-harmonized sampling and quantification methods. As MPs are predominantly composed of recalcitrant organic carbon (OC), they contribute to the total organic carbon (TOC) pool in environments. The concentration of recalcitrant carbon in microplastics (MPC) can theoretically serve as a complementary, standardized mass-based index to characterize MPs pollution levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
September 2025
Shandong Engineering Research Centre for Pollution Control and Resource Valorization in Chemical Industry, College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China. Electronic address:
The increasing production of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) necessitates the development of green and sustainable technologies for their recycling. Unfortunately, most of the recycling technologies used are always associated with high energy and chemical reagents consumption, posing a great risk to the environment. Herein, we propose a photovoltaic driven carrier-facilitated electrodialytic membrane process for low carbon recovery of spent ternary LIBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China. Electronic address:
The structural specificity of organic nitrogen sources in modulating cyanobacterial physiology and toxin production remains poorly understood. This study systematically evaluated the bioavailability of exogenous glycine peptides in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and their regulatory roles in algal growth and microcystins (MCs) synthesis through an integrated physiological and transcriptomic approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
September 2025
School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia.
Plastic waste continues to be a major environmental challenge, worsened by energy-intensive conventional recycling methods that require highly pure feedstocks. In this review, emerging electrochemical upcycling technologies are critically examined, focusing on the electro-oxidation transformation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into valuable chemical products. Key reaction pathways and target products are outlined to clarify the selective electrochemical reforming of PET.
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