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We present a 3D assay for the quantification of the autophagic flux in live cell spheroids by using the fluorescent reporter mRFP-GFP-LC3. The protocol describes the formation of the spheroids from the astrocytoma cell line U343, live long-term 3D fluorescence imaging of drug-treated spheroids, and the image processing workflow required to extract quantitative data on the autophagic flux.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0856-1_3 | DOI Listing |
Stem Cell Rev Rep
September 2025
Paris Cité University, INSERM UMR-S 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Paris, France.
Endothelial Colony-Forming Cells (ECFCs) are recognized as key vasculogenic progenitors in humans and serve as valuable liquid biopsies for diagnosing and studying vascular disorders. In a groundbreaking study, Anceschi et al. present a novel, integrative strategy that combines ECFCs loaded with gold nanorods (AuNRs) to enhance tumor radiosensitization through localized hyperthermia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Mater
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, INDIA.
Metastasis in its micro and macro state contributes to the poor survival and prognosis rate in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) patients. Conventional anti-cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are known for their non-selective killing of rapidly dividing cells, both normal and cancer. To address the drawbacks arising from these modalities, we aimed to target the Glucocorticoid Receptors (GR) of OSCC to selectively co-deliver the Paclitaxel and p53 gene that induces the drug sensitivity and cytotoxicity, thereby inducing the mesenchymal-epithelial transition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFASEB J
September 2025
Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn, Third XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Defective wounds pose health risks, and treatment is challenging. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) show promise for healing. Primary UCMSCs were isolated and extracted in vitro, and the proliferation and differentiation characteristics were detected by flow cytometry and trilineage differentiation, and a 3D spherical cell culture was performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Rep
December 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Brillouin microscopy allows mechanical investigations of biological materials at the subcellular level and can be integrated with Raman spectroscopy for simultaneous chemical mapping, thus enabling a more comprehensive interpretation of biomechanics. The present study investigates different in vitro glioblastoma models using a combination of Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy. Spheroids of the U87-MG cell line and two patient-derived cell lines as well as patient-derived organoids were used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Mol Immunol
September 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
Gut-derived metabolites are essential for liver fibrogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the alteration of indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), a crucial tryptophan metabolite, in liver fibrosis and delineate the roles of enterogenic IPA in fibrogenesis. In the present study, metabolomics assays focused on tryptophan metabolism were applied to explore the decreased levels of IPA in the feces and serum of cirrhotic patients, as well as in the feces and portal vein serum of fibrotic mice.
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