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Engineering nitrogen-fixing cereals is essential for sustainable food production for the projected global population of 9 billion people in 2050. This process will require engineering cereals for nodule organogenesis and infection by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The symbiosis signalling pathway is essential to establish both bacterial infection and nodule organogenesis in legumes and is also necessary for the establishment of mycorrhizal colonisation. Hence this signalling pathway is also present in cereals and it should be feasible to engineer this signalling pathway for cereal recognition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. However, establishing a fully function nitrogen-fixing symbiosis in cereals will probably require additional genetic engineering for bacterial colonisation and nodule organogenesis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2010.08.003 | DOI Listing |
FASEB J
September 2025
Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are more accessible than bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells but have limited osteogenic differentiation capabilities in bone tissue engineering. Cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) from adipose tissue shows promise in enhancing the osteogenesis of ADSCs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CEFFE on ADSCs and its role in promoting ADSC osteogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo.
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August 2025
Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Danshjoo BLVD, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran.
This study assessed the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with different laser wavelengths on the viability and differentiation of periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (PDLMSCs) exposed to zoledronic acid (ZA). In this in vitro study, PDLMSCs were cultured with 5 µM ZA for 48 h and randomly assigned to 6 groups of positive and negative controls, and PBMT with 635 nm (2 and 4 J/cm) and 980 nm (2 and 4 J/cm) lasers. Cell viability was assessed by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay after 24 and 72 h, and mineralized nodule formation was evaluated by Alizarin red staining.
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August 2025
Department of Orthopedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
miR-487a-3p shows the potential of modulating adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of miR-487a-3p on the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. In this work, ADSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts.
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August 2025
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
Objective Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease that increases the risk of fractures by weaking bone. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a crucial role in osteogenesis and osteoblastic differentiation. The purpose of this study is to examine the underlying mechanism of HIF-1α overexpression and its impact on osteoblast development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
August 2025
School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
Healing large bone defects remains challenging. Gelatin scaffolds are biocompatible and biodegradable, but lack osteoinductive activity. Plant-derived exosomes carry miRNAs, growth factors, and proteins that modulate osteogenesis, but free exosomes suffer from poor stability, limited targeting, and low bioavailability in vivo.
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